Category Core model R Median Bias MAE RMSE = EE = GCOS
Machine Learning
Extra Trees
0.715
0.033
0.080
0.136
63.99
27.20
Random Forest 0.774 0.021 0.069 0.120 72.53 37.50
XGBoost 0.832 0.010 0.062 0.103 76.75 44.38
CatBoost 0.832 0.009 0.062 0.103 76.51 43.76
LightGBM 0.838 0.009 0.062 0.102 76.86 44.45
Deep Learning
DBN
0.815
0.005
0.067
0.109
73.65
40.00
LSTM 0.830 0.008 0.063 0.104 75.29 43.09
MLP 0.842 0.007 0.059 0.101 79.58 46.04
ResNet 0.851 0.005 0.058 0.099 79.57 47.09
Transformers 0.863 0.000 0.057 0.096 80.73 49.64