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\begin{document}

\title{How Hot Is Too Hot? Disentangling Mid-Cretaceous Hothouse Paleoclimate
from Diagenesis}



\author[1]{Anne C Fetrow}%
\author[2]{Kathryn Snell}%
\author[3]{Russell Vincent Di Fiori}%
\author[4]{Sean Patrick Long}%
\author[5]{Joshua W Bonde}%
\affil[1]{University of Colorado Boulder}%
\affil[2]{Geological Sciences,University of Colorado, Boulder}%
\affil[3]{Idaho Geological Survey}%
\affil[4]{Washington State University}%
\affil[5]{NEVADA SCIENCE CENTER}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{June 17, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
The North American Newark Canyon Formation (\textasciitilde{}113--98 Ma)
presents an opportunity to examine how various terrestrial carbonate
facies reflect different aspects of paleoclimate during one of the
hottest periods of Earth's history. We combined carbonate facies
analysis with \selectlanguage{greek}δ\selectlanguage{english}13C, \selectlanguage{greek}δ\selectlanguage{english}18O, and \selectlanguage{greek}Δ\selectlanguage{english}47 datasets to assess which palustrine
and lacustrine facies preserve stable isotope signals that are most
representative of climatic conditions. Type section palustrine facies
record the heterogeneity of the original palustrine environment in which
they formed. Using the pelmicrite facies that formed in deeper wetlands,
we interpret a lower temperature zone (35--40\selectlanguage{ngerman}°C) to reflect warm season
water temperatures. In contrast, the mottled micrite facies reflects
hotter temperatures (36--68°C). These hotter temperatures preserve
radiatively heated ``bare-skin'' temperatures that occurred in a shallow
depositional setting. The lower lacustrine unit has been secondarily
altered by hydrothermal fluids while the upper lacustrine unit likely
preserves primary temperatures and \selectlanguage{greek}δ\selectlanguage{english}18Owater of catchment-integrated
precipitation. Based on this investigation, the palustrine pelmicrite
and lacustrine micrite are the facies most likely to reflect ambient
climate conditions, and therefore, are the best facies to use for
paleoclimate interpretations. Average warm season water temperatures of
41.1\selectlanguage{ngerman}±3.6°C and 37.8±2.5°C are preserved by the palustrine pelmicrite
(\textasciitilde{}113--112 Ma) and lacustrine micrite
(\textasciitilde{}112--103 Ma), respectively. These data support
previous interpretations of the mid-Cretaceous as a hothouse climate.
Our study demonstrates the importance of characterizing facies for
identifying the data most representative of past climates.%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

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