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\begin{document}

\title{H41L-1877 - Dendra: a real-time cloud-based time-series curation system}



\author[1]{Collin Bode}%
\author[1]{J. Scott Smith}%
\affil[1]{University of California, Berkeley}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{June 16, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Wireless sensor networks for environmental monitoring are becoming a
common tool for researchers across many of the field sciences. However,
managing these systems is still an emerging issue. Internet of Things
(IoT) technologies have provided many tools for creating big data
solutions to these issues, but the industry is at cross-purposes with
scientists. The big data approach is to collect massive amounts of data
then throw out the anomalous points. For environmental monitoring, we
need to archive and curate all the data as a permanent record of rapid
environmental change. To achieve this, we need to combine IoT with
museum curation sensibility. Dendra is cyberinfrastructure for real-time
sensor data storage, retrieval, management, and curation for the field
sciences. It is a cloud-based, multi-organizational system, designed to
support massive permanent monitoring efforts (https://dendra.science).
The name is derived from dendritic networks, such as river networks.
Environmental monitoring performs in a similar manner, pulling data from
the earth's surface to a single location. To curate streaming data, we
developed a dynamic data versioning system. A field scientist reports
invalid data from the field via mobile phone, the annotation is approved
by curator, and is instantly applied to all data accessed. Data is only
modified on extract. This allows us to pull data from any time in the
past with the edits and calibrations of that time. Networked data logger
integration works with LoggerNet, GOES satellite, and soon Iridium
satellite. Dendra is hosted on NSF's XSEDE Jetstream cloud service. The
system is designed as a set of microservices that interact through as
set of persistent ques (NATS). Server-side javascript with Node.js is
the primary development language. A data abstraction layer allows for
multiple time-series databases (InfluxDB, MySQL, etc) to be accessed,
even for a single instrument over time and reassembled as a single
datastream. Access is via REST API \& website. Dendra is used and
supported by: Eel River Critical Zone Observatory (23 stations) in
Mendocino, California; the University of California Natural Reserve
System (25 stations); the Moore Foundation funded California Heartbeat
Initiative (4 stations, 10 mobile, 40 planned).%
\end{abstract}%



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