Disentangling the causality between parasite infections and poor
host conditions in the wild population
Ryota Hasegawa a, Yasuhiko Otsukia,
Yohsuke Uemuraa, Chiharu Furusawaa,
Masahiro Nakaa, Itsuro Koizumi a,b
a Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido
University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
b Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido
University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
Corresponding author : Ryota Hasegawa, Graduate school of
Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Hokkaido,
Japan, Tel: +81 11 706 2620, Fax: +81 11 706 4864, Email:ryotahase344922@gmail.com
Email addresses of other authors :
Yasuhiko Otsuki: otk.thesenseofwander@gmail.com
Yohsuke Uemura: uemura.fish@gmail.com
Chiharu Furusawa: nooozupasu0121@gmail.com
Masahiro Naka: nakanakamonaka@ees.hokudai.ac.jp
Itsuro Koizumi: itsuro@ees.hokudai.ac.jp
A short running title: Disentangling the causality between
parasite infections and poor host conditions