ABSTRACT
Cancer is the primary cause of death worldwide, accounting for almost 10
million deaths. The most prevalent are lung, breast, colorectal and skin
cancer. Cancer does not obey the cell cycle which can lead to formation
of tumors. The biogenic amine histamine synthesized by histidine.
Increased amounts of histamine have been linked in regulation of several
tumors. The receptors of histamine (H1, H2, H3, and H4) are distributed
throughout the skin, where H1 and H2 are the main targets for drug
therapy. Repurposing of the current antihistamine drugs can be cost
effective, safe medications and allied with lesser adverse effects.
Researchers examined Six H1-antihistamines (Cetirizine, clemastine,
desloratadine, loratadine, ebastine and fexofenadine) in a nationwide
wide cohort study of all Swedish patients with ten types of immunogenic
(melanoma, bladder cancer, kidney, prostate, lung, pancreatic,
colorectal, breast cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma) and six non-immunogenic
(thyroid cancer, liver, ovarian, brain cancer and lymphoma) tumors. The
study shows that Desloratadine and loratadine upsurge the survival rate
for many tumors by inhibiting the growth tumors and promoting apoptotic
cell death. The other H1 receptor antagonist Cloperastine knockdown
FGF13 expression which is responsible for anticancer agent
cisplatin-resistance and selectively kill HeLa cisR cells. Some findings
believe that H1 receptor antagonist should be investigated in randomized
clinical trials for immunogenic tumors. These drugs can be curative
therapy for several tumors including those prognosis with limited
treatment options.