Objectives: To evaluate cellular immune responses induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines immunization in population based on HLA-E-restricted CD8 ⁺ T cell epitopes identification. Methods: HLA-E-restricted SARS-CoV-2 CD8 ⁺ T cell nonamer peptides were predicted with software. HLA-E-transfected K562 cells binding assay was used to screen for high-affinity peptides. IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assay were used to identify HLA-E-restricted epitopes. HLA-E/epitope tetramer was employed to detect the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8 ⁺ T cells. Results: Four CD8 ⁺ T cell epitopes on spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 restricted by both HLA-E*0101 and E*0103 were identified. HLA-E-restricted epitope specific IFN-γ-secreting CD8 ⁺ T cell responses could be detected in individuals vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Importantly, the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8 ⁺ T cell in Ad5-nCoV vaccinated individual were higher than that in individuals vaccinated with recombinant protein or inactivated vaccines. Moreover, frequencies of epitope-specific CD8 ⁺ T cells could maintain for at least 120 days after only one dose Ad5-nCoV vaccination. While frequencies of epitope-specific CD8 ⁺ T cells decreased in individuals after two doses of Ad5-nCoV vaccination. Conclusions: These findings may contribute to more comprehensive evaluating protective effects of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2, meanwhile may provide information to characterize HLA-E-restricted CD8 ⁺ T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection.