Acquired drug-resistant mutation prevalence in ART-treated
patients
The DRM prevalence was compared between ART-naïve (N = 222) and
ART-treated groups (N = 53) at Severance Hospital (Figure 4) to
evaluate the percentage of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRM)
and acquired drug resistance mutations to four classes of antiretroviral
drugs. The NNRTIs resistance was common in ART-naïve (26.1%) and
ART-treated (42.3%) patients. The prevalence of DRM was higher in
ART-treated patients: NRTIs (36.5% vs. 6.3%), PIs (9.6% vs. 0.9%),
and INSTIs (26.9% vs. 2.7%). These differences were high in dual-class
resistance: NRTI + NNRTI (19.2% vs. 3.6%), NRTI + PI (5.8% vs.
0.5%), NNRTI + PI (9.6% vs. 0.5%), NRTI + INSTI (21.2% vs. 1.4%),
and NNRTI + INSTI (15.4% vs. 1.4%).
Additionally, 428 samples collected from 172 patients revealed that the
median observation time was 9 months (2–47 months). Comparing the
baseline samples of patients to the follow-up samples, all DRM types
(low-level, intermediate, and high-level mutations) increased from
44.2% to 51.6%. The high-level mutations increased from 24.4% to
28.9% (Supplementary Table 5).