Summary of major algorithms used for signal detection. Summary of major algorithms used for signal detection. Summary of major algorithms used for signal detection.
Method Calculation formulas Judgement criteria
ROR ROR=ad/bc 95%CI>1,N≥3
95%CI=eln(ROR)±1.96(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d)^0.5
PRR PRR=a(c+d)/c(a+b) PRR≥2,χ2≥4,N≥3
χ2=[(ad-bc)^2](a+b+c+d)/[(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)]
BCPNN IC = log2a(a + b + c + d)(a + c)(a + b) IC025> 0
95% CI = eln(IC) ± 1.96(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d)^0.5
MGPS EBGM = a(a + b + c + d)/(a + c)/(a + b) EBGM05> 2,
95% CI = eln(EBGM) ± 1.96(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d)^0.5 N>0
a:the number of reports with suspect drug adverse event of the suspect drug; b:the number of reports with the suspect AE of all other drugs,; c:the number of reports with all other AEs of the suspect drug; d: the number of reports with all other AEs of all other drugs; N:the number of co-occurrences; BCPNN:Bayesian confidence propagation neural network; CI:confidence interval; EBGM:empirical Bayesian geometric mean; EBGM05:the lower 95% one-sided CI of EBGMIC; IC: information component; IC025: the lower limit of the 95% two-sided CI of the IC; MGPS:multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker; PRR Proportional Reporting Ratio; ROR:Reporting Odds Ratio; χ2:chi-squared. a:the number of reports with suspect drug adverse event of the suspect drug; b:the number of reports with the suspect AE of all other drugs,; c:the number of reports with all other AEs of the suspect drug; d: the number of reports with all other AEs of all other drugs; N:the number of co-occurrences; BCPNN:Bayesian confidence propagation neural network; CI:confidence interval; EBGM:empirical Bayesian geometric mean; EBGM05:the lower 95% one-sided CI of EBGMIC; IC: information component; IC025: the lower limit of the 95% two-sided CI of the IC; MGPS:multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker; PRR Proportional Reporting Ratio; ROR:Reporting Odds Ratio; χ2:chi-squared. a:the number of reports with suspect drug adverse event of the suspect drug; b:the number of reports with the suspect AE of all other drugs,; c:the number of reports with all other AEs of the suspect drug; d: the number of reports with all other AEs of all other drugs; N:the number of co-occurrences; BCPNN:Bayesian confidence propagation neural network; CI:confidence interval; EBGM:empirical Bayesian geometric mean; EBGM05:the lower 95% one-sided CI of EBGMIC; IC: information component; IC025: the lower limit of the 95% two-sided CI of the IC; MGPS:multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker; PRR Proportional Reporting Ratio; ROR:Reporting Odds Ratio; χ2:chi-squared.