-BUN and Cre
Upon further examination of the results, it was observed that there was a significant increase in BUN and Cre values among all groups that were administered with CIS (CIS, CIS+RAN, RAN+CIS), as compared to the control group (p<0.05). Furthermore, a significant decrease in BUN values (p<0.05) was observed in the CIS group, as compared to the CIS+RAN group. However, no significant differences in Cre values were noted among the groups (p>0.05) (Figure 2).