Reference
[1] Mindle H.nguyen GW, Edward
Gane,Jia-Horng Kao,Geoffrey Dusheiko. Hepatitis B Virus: Advances in
Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy.pdf. clinical microbiology 2020
[2] Committee IPA. Hepatitis B
virus: a comprehensive strategy for eliminating transmission in the
United States through universal childhood vaccination. Recommendations
of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP). MMWR Recomm
Rep. 1991;40(RR-13):1-19
[3] National Academies of Sciences
E, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Board on Population
Health and Public Health Practice; . A National Strategy for the
Elimination of Hepatitis B and C: Phase Two Report. Washington, DC:
National Academies Press (US). 2017.doi:10.17226/24731
[4] Shing JZ, Ly KN, Xing J, et
al. Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among US Adults Aged 20-59
Years With a History of Injection Drug Use: National Health and
Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2016. Clin Infect Dis.
2020;70(12):2619-27.doi:10.1093/cid/ciz669
[5] Polaris Observatory C. Global
prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in
2016: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol.
2018;3(6):383-403.doi:10.1016/S2468-1253(18)30056-6
[6] Perez AE, Gamarel KE, van den
Berg JJ, et al. Sexual and behavioral health disparities among African
American sexual minority men and women. Ethn Health.
2020;25(5):653-64.doi:10.1080/13557858.2018.1444149
[7] Carlos S, Lopez-Del Burgo C,
Ndarabu A, et al. Heterosexual oral and anal sex in Kinshasa
(D.R.Congo): Data from OKAPI prospective cohort. PLoS One.
2019;14(1):e0210398.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0210398
[8] Morhason-Bello IO, Kabakama S,
Baisley K, et al. Reported oral and anal sex among adolescents and
adults reporting heterosexual sex in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic
review. Reprod Health. 2019;16(1):48.doi:10.1186/s12978-019-0722-9
[9] Shannon K, Crago AL, Baral SD,
et al. The global response and unmet actions for HIV and sex workers.
Lancet. 2018;392(10148):698-710.doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31439-9
[10] Taylor LE, Swan T, Mayer KH.
HIV coinfection with hepatitis C virus: evolving epidemiology and
treatment paradigms. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55 Suppl 1(Suppl
1):S33-42.doi:10.1093/cid/cis367
[11] B H Heng KTG, R Chan, S K
Chew, S Doraisingham, G H Quek. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)
infection in Singapore men with sexually transmitted diseases and HIV
infection_ role of sexual transmission in a city state with
intermediate HBV endemicity.pdf. Joumnal of Epidemiology and Community
Health. 1995;49:5
[12] Quinn GP, Sanchez JA, Sutton
SK, et al. Cancer and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/transsexual,
and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) populations. CA Cancer J Clin.
2015;65(5):384-400.doi:10.3322/caac.21288
[13] Habel MA, Leichliter JS,
Dittus PJ, et al. Heterosexual Anal and Oral Sex in Adolescents and
Adults in the United States, 2011-2015. Sex Transm Dis.
2018;45(12):775-82.doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000889
[14] P. Piot CGaEK. Hepatitis B
transmission by sexual contact and needle sharing.pdf. Vaccine.
1990;8:S37-S40
[15] Albert0 R. Osella MD, M.S.,
Ph.D., Maria A. Massa, B.Sc., Silvia Joekes, B.Sc., Nidia Blanch,
B.Sc.,Maria R. Yacci, B.Sc., Sandro Centonze, M.D., and Santos Sileoni,
B.Sc., Ph.D. Hepatitis B and C Virus Sexual Transmission Among
homosexual men.pdf. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY.
1998;93(1):49-52
[16] Lawrence A. Kingsley DCRR,
Jr, PhD; David W. Lyter, MD;Ronald O. Valdiserri, MD, MPH; Steven H.
Belle, PhD; Monto Ho, MD. Sexual transmission efficiency of hepatitis B
virus and human immunodeficiency virus among homosexual men.PDF. JAMA.
1990;264(2):230-4
[17] Falla AM, Hofstraat SHI,
Duffell E, et al. Hepatitis B/C in the countries of the EU/EEA: a
systematic review of the prevalence among at-risk groups. BMC Infect
Dis. 2018;18(1):79.doi:10.1186/s12879-018-2988-x
[18] Terrault NA, Lok ASF,
McMahon BJ, et al. Update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of
chronic hepatitis B: AASLD 2018 hepatitis B guidance. Hepatology.
2018;67(4):1560-99.doi:10.1002/hep.29800
[19] King H, Xing J, Dean HD, et
al. Trends in Prevalence of Protective Levels of Hepatitis B Surface
Antibody Among Adults Aged 18-49 Years With Risk Factors for Hepatitis B
Virus Infection-United States, 2003-2014. Clin Infect Dis.
2020;70(9):1907-15.doi:10.1093/cid/ciz537
[20] Xie ZQ, Li HX, Tan WL, et
al. Association of Serum Vitamin C With NAFLD and MAFLD Among Adults in
the United States. Front Nutr.
2021;8:795391.doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.795391
[21] Zhou K, Terrault NA. Gaps in
Viral Hepatitis Awareness in the United States in a Population-based
Study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18(1):188-95
e4.doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2019.05.047
[22] Marseille E, Harris AM,
Horvath H, et al. Hepatitis B prevalence association with sexually
transmitted infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sex
Health. 2021;18(3):269-79.doi:10.1071/SH20185
[23] Roberts H, Jiles R, Harris
AM, et al. Incidence and Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Hepatitis B,
United States, 2013-2018. Sex Transm Dis.
2021;48(4):305-9.doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001359
[24] Elmes J, Silhol R, Hess KL,
et al. Receptive anal sex contributes substantially to heterosexually
acquired HIV infections among at-risk women in twenty US cities: Results
from a modelling analysis. Am J Reprod Immunol.
2020;84(2):e13263.doi:10.1111/aji.13263
[25] Schroeder SE, Higgs P,
Winter R, et al. Hepatitis C risk perceptions and attitudes towards
reinfection among HIV-diagnosed gay and bisexual men in Melbourne,
Australia. J Int AIDS Soc. 2019;22(5):e25288.doi:10.1002/jia2.25288
[26] Leire Pérez-Latorre JB,
Rafael Micán,Marta Montero. HIV/HBV coinfection: temporal trends and
patient characteristics, Spain, 2002 to 2018. Euro Surveill.
2021;26(25):2000236.doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.25.2000236
[27] Zhu Z, Qin Y, Liang Q, et
al. Increased HBV Coinfection and Decreased IFN-gamma-Producing
HBV-Specific CD8+ T Cell Numbers During HIV Disease Progression. Front
Immunol. 2022;13:861804.doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.861804
[28] McKee G, Butt ZA, Wong S, et
al. Syndemic Characterization of HCV, HBV, and HIV Co-infections in a
Large Population Based Cohort Study. EClinicalMedicine.
2018;4-5:99-108.doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2018.10.006
[29] Brown R, Goulder P, Matthews
PC. Sexual Dimorphism in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection:
Evidence to Inform Elimination Efforts. Wellcome Open Res.
2022;7:32.doi:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17601.2
[30] Gay L, Melenotte C, Lakbar
I, et al. Sexual Dimorphism and Gender in Infectious Diseases. Front
Immunol. 2021;12:698121.doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.698121
[31] Yang J, Lin JL, Liu J, et
al. Estimates of prevalence, time-trend, and association of smoking in
adults living with HIV, HBV, and HCV (NHANES 1999-2018). Sci Rep.
2022;12(1):19925.doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24291-6
[32] M-W Yu C-IP, S-Y Yang, T-J
Hsiao, H-C Chang, S-M Lin, Y-F Liaw, P-J Chen, C-J Chen. Role of
N-acetyltransferase polymorphisms in hepatitis B related hepatocellular
carcinoma_ impact of smoking on risk.pdf. Gut. 2000;47:7
Figure 1 A flowchart showing the selection of study participants.
NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.