1. Introduction
Listeriosis is an acute infectious disease caused by the bacteriumListeria monocytogenes. Compared with other populations, the
incidence of listeriosis in pregnant women is elevated. Listeriainfection can lead to serious consequences in pregnant women such as
miscarriage, stillbirth, premature delivery, and congenital perinatal
infections [1]. Between 2011 and 2017 in China, 562 cases of
listeriosis were reported, the probability death among pregnant women
with listeriosis is as high as 32.68% [2]. However, limited data
are available on previous cases of congenital listeria infection
[3, 4]. The available literature on congenital listeriosis also
rarely focuses on treatment of patients for whom early diagnosis is
difficult or impossible to achieve. The objective of this manuscript is
to summarize disease progression, diagnosis, and treatment strategies in
premature infants with L. monocytogenes infection. We focus on
the reasons for treatment delays to provide a reference for clinicians.