Outcome parameters Individuals (n) SMD (95%CI) P-value Heterogeneity(I2
(1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals (1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals (1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals (1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals (1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals
0-10mg/kg/day n = 50 -4.652 (-6.685, -2.619) p = 0.000 I2 = 65.0%
10-20mg/kg/d n = 20 -12.362 (-16.494, -8.230) p = 0.043 -
21-30mg/kg/day n = 20 -17.880 (-35.162, -0.598) p = 0.043 I2 = 82.3%
31-50mg/kg/day n = 12 -3.861 (-5.896, -1.825) p = 0.000 -
51-100mg/kg/day n = 20 -3.775 (-5.288, -2.262) p = 0.000 -
above 100mg/kg/day n = 70 -6.362 (-11.205, -1.518) p = 0.010 I2 = 91.9%
NA n = 12 -2.093(-3.549, -0.636) p = 0.005 -
(2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species (2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species (2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species (2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species (2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species
Rats n = 98 -10.156 (-14.869, -5.443) p = 0.000 I2 = 89.7%
Mice n = 94 -4.177 (-4.928, -3.427) p = 0.000 I2 = 0%
(3) Subgroup analysis based on duration of treatment (3) Subgroup analysis based on duration of treatment (3) Subgroup analysis based on duration of treatment (3) Subgroup analysis based on duration of treatment (3) Subgroup analysis based on duration of treatment
0-5 days n = 52 -6.793 (-10.595, -2.992) p = 0.000 I2 = 10.5%
11-20 days n = 70 -6.362 (-11.205, -1.518) p = 0.010 I2 = 91.9%
20-50days n = 30 -3.783 (-5.005, -2.560) p = 0.000 -
above 50 days n = 40 -8.872 (-15.195, -2.549) p = 0.006 I2 = 86.6%
NA n = 12 -2.093 (-3.549, -0.636) p = 0.005
(4) Subgroup analysis based on sex (4) Subgroup analysis based on sex (4) Subgroup analysis based on sex (4) Subgroup analysis based on sex (4) Subgroup analysis based on sex
Male n = 172 -6.354 (-8.283, -4.426) p = 0.000 I2 = 84.4%
Female n = 12 -2.093 (-3.549, -0.636) p = 0.005 -
NA n = 20 -5.889 (-8.283, -4.426) p = 0.000 -
(5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases (5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases (5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases (5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases (5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases
Local inflammation n = 12 -2.093 (-3.549, -0.636) p = 0.005 -
Circulatory system n = 50 -7.836 (-16.230,0.559) p = 0.067 I2 = 93.4%
Urinary system n = 40 -4.698 (-6.753, -2.643) p = 0.000 I2 = 60.6%
Nervous system n = 60 -9.456 (-14.526, -4.386) p = 0.000 I2 = 86%
Motion system n = 42 -4.027 (-5.097, -2.958) p = 0.000 -