Outcome parameters Individuals (n) SMD (95%CI) P-value Heterogeneit(I2
(1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals (1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals (1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals (1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals (1) Subgroup analysis based on dose intervals
0-10mg/kg/day n = 32 -3.393 (-5.130, -1.656) p = 0.000 I2 = 56.6%
11-20mg/kg/day n = 36 -8.817 (-16.983, -0.650) p = 0.034 I2 = 93.8%
30-50mg/kg/day n = 12 -6.745 (-9.910, -3.580) p = 0.000 -
51-100mg/kg/day n = 78 -7.013 (-9.389, -4.636) p = 0.000 I2 = 70.8%
above 100mg/kg/day n = 70 -6.159 (-11.487, -0.832) p = 0.023 I2 = 93.4%
(2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species (2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species (2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species (2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species (2) Subgroup analysis based on animal species
Rats n = 88 -8.198 (-12.134, -4.262) p = 0.000 I2 = 88.9%
Mice n = 150 -5.314 (-6.765, -3.864) p = 0.000 I2 = 74.2%
(3) Subgroup analysis based on drug duration (3) Subgroup analysis based on drug duration (3) Subgroup analysis based on drug duration (3) Subgroup analysis based on drug duration (3) Subgroup analysis based on drug duration
0-5 days n = 72 -6.471 (-7.806, -5.136) p = 0.000 I2 = 10.5%
5-10 days n = 12 -2.524 (-4.107, -0.942) p = 0.002 -
11-20 days n = 70 -6.159 (-11.487, -0.832) p = 0.023 I2 = 93.4%
20-50days n = 14 -3.679 (-5.485, -1.872) p = 0.000 -
above 50 days n = 70 -8.725 (-14.100, -3.350) p = 0.001 I2 = 91.4%
(4) Subgroup analysis based on sex (4) Subgroup analysis based on sex (4) Subgroup analysis based on sex (4) Subgroup analysis based on sex (4) Subgroup analysis based on sex
Male n = 198 -6.968 (-8.891, -5.044) p = 0.000 I2 = 85.1%
Female n = 20 -5.171 (-11.265, 0.923) p = 0.096 I2 = 80.7%
NA n = 20 -4.297 (-5.952, -2.642) p = 0.096 -
(5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases (5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases (5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases (5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases (5) Subgroup analysis based on type of diseases
Local inflammation n = 28 -9.152 (-11.846, -6.458) p = 0.884 I2 = 0.0%
Circulatory system n = 44 -8.271 (-17.515, -0.973) p = 0.000 I2 = 95.4%
Digestive system n = 28 -4.923 (-9.936, -0.091) p = 0.003 I2 = 88.6%
Urinary system n = 40 -5.616 (-8.498, -2.733) p = 0.055 I2 = 72.9%
Nervous system n = 40 -8.078 (-10.268, -5.889) p = 0.275 I2 = 16.2%
Respiratory system n = 16 -4.777 (-6.800, -2.755) p = 0.000 -
Motion system n = 20 -3.571 (-4.560, -2.582) p = 0.000 -