Main findings
We evaluated the impact of C. trachomatis and N.
gonorrhoeae screening and treatment on preterm birth or low birth
weight among asymptomatic pregnant woman in Gaborone, Botswana. The
intervention arm had a lower predicted prevalence of a composite outcome
of preterm or low birth weight compared to the standard-of-care, after
adjustment for parity, antenatal care visits, hypertension during
pregnancy, and clinic site; however, the confidence intervals were wide.
In post hoc analysis among nulliparous women, the intervention appeared
to reduce the odds of preterm birth or low birth weight outcomes by
80%, necessitating further research into reasons for a differential
effect.