The Prevalence of Epicardial Reconnection Phenomenon in Acute PVR
The influence of epicardial myofibers on PV isolation were studied in recent years[8-11]. The prevalence of remaining epicardial connections after completed circular ablation could be up to 22%[9-11, 14]. Residual epicardial connections could also be observed in repeat procedures[9], suggesting that the restoration of epicardial PV conduction with long-term endocardial block could be a common phenomenon, which worth more attention for timely identification and intervention. Acute PVR used to be considered as a similar concept with conduction gap[15, 16]. In this study however, we found the proportion of AEPVR higher than endocardial conduction gap as the type of PVR, based on our ablation protocols.