No. |
Chinese medicines and formulae |
Level |
Mechanism on oxidative stress |
Mechanism on
inflammation |
reference |
1 |
Angong Niuhuang Pill (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
induced ApoE-/- mice early
and mid-term AS model via regulating Th17/Treg balance, inhibiting
chronic inflammation, reducing plaque collagen fibers, and reducing
inflammatory cells infiltration, to exert its multi-channel multi-target
anti-early and mid-term AS effects |
Fan et al., 2020 |
2 |
Bazi Bushen capsule (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
GPER1-dependent
anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms |
Huang et al.,
2021 |
3 |
Bushen Jiangzhi formula (Formula) |
B2 |
|
regulating the expression
of autophagy-related proteins LC3, Beclin 1, and p62, |
Cao et al.,
2020 |
4 |
Bushen Kangshuai Tablet (Formula) |
B3 |
|
suppress the inflammation
reaction in rabbits to prevent AS formation |
Zhang et al.,
2009 |
5 |
Buyang Huanwu decoction (Formula) |
B2 |
promote revascularization
on db/db mice with HLI through targeting antioxidation,
anti-inflammation, and angiogenesis via the AKT/GSK3β/NRF2 pathway. |
|
Bao et al., 2021 |
6 |
BuYangHuanWu decoction (Formula) |
B1 |
|
inflammatory cytokines
were suppressed and that the NF-κB signaling pathway |
Liu et al.,
2019 |
7 |
Cardiotonic pills (Formula) |
B2 |
|
downregulation of plasma
macrophage inflammatory protein-1α and intercellular cell adhesion
molecule-1. |
Deng et al., 2019 |
8 |
Chaihu-Shugan-San (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
regulation of proinflammatory
factors and BDNF-TrkB signaling |
Li et al., 2019 |
9 |
Compound Danshen tablet (Formula) |
B2 |
reduced the levels of the
oxidative damage molecule 4-HNE |
reduced the levels of the inflammatory
factor ICAM-1 |
Guo et al., 2021 |
10 |
Danggui Buxue Decoction (Formula) |
C |
|
improvement of
extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the blood vessel wall and the
anti-vascular local inflammatory response |
Xu et al.,
2021 |
11 |
Danhong injection (Formula) |
B2 |
|
attenuation of
lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in
macrophages |
Chen et al., 2014 |
12 |
Dan-Lou prescription (Formula) |
A |
|
effectively attenuated
macrophage foam cell formation via the TLR4/NF-κB and PPARγ signaling
pathways |
Gao et al., 2018 |
13 |
Danshen-shanzha(Formula) |
B2 |
|
decreased the concentrations of
interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 |
Zhang et al., 2019 |
14 |
Danlou tablet (Formula) |
B2 |
|
regulating the NF-κB signaling
pathway. |
Gao et al., 2020 |
15 |
Danlou tablet (Formula) |
B2 |
|
suppressing NF-κB signaling and
triggering PPARα/ABCA1 signaling pathway |
Hao et al.,
2019 |
16 |
Dingxin recipe (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
downregulation of TNF-α, IL-6,
ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 through mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways |
Cui et al., 2020 |
17 |
Formula of removing both phlegm and blood stasis (Formula) |
B
(Pig) |
|
controlling NF-kappaB p65 nuclear translocation |
Ren et al.,
2014 |
18 |
Fufang-Zhenzhu-Tiaozhi Capsule (Formula) |
B3 |
|
activation of APN
signaling pathway |
Li et al., 2020 |
19 |
Guanxinkang (Formula) |
B2 |
|
regulating PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1
interactions in the ApoE-knockout mice |
Mao et al., 2012 |
20 |
Guanxinkang decoction (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
efferocytosis and MAPKs
signaling pathways in LDLR-/- mice and RAW264.7 cells |
Zhang et al.,
2021 |
21 |
Guanxinshutong capsule (Formula) |
A |
reduced the activity of
oxidative parameter MDA and upregulated the activities of antioxidant
enzymes (SOD and GSH) |
modulated lipid profile, downregulated the level
of inflammatory cytokines and NF-κBp65. |
Lu et al., 2020 |
22 |
Huotan Jiedu Tongluo (Formula) |
B3 |
inhibition of BH4/eNOS
uncoupling and the reduction of oxidative stress |
|
Li et al.,
2018 |
23 |
Hwangryunhaedok-tang (Formula) |
A |
modulating LDL oxidation and
VSMC proliferation |
|
Seo et al., 2015 |
24 |
Jianpi Huazhuo Tiaozhi granules (Formula) |
A |
inhibiting the
NOX/ROS-NF-κB pathway. |
|
Liu et al., 2020 |
25 |
Kangshuanyihao formula (Formula) |
B1 |
|
regulating the
SIRT1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway |
Han et al., 2017 |
26 |
modified Yuejuwan (Formula) |
A |
Inhibiting the Activity of the
TRIM37/TRAF2/NF- κ B Pathway |
|
Gui et al., 2022 |
27 |
Rongban Tongmai granule (Formula) |
B3 |
prevent atherosclerosis by
antioxidative stress and correcting unbalance of redox. |
|
Lin et al.,
2011 |
28 |
Shen-Hong-Tong-Luo formula (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
activating the
PPAR-γ/LXR-α/ABCA1 pathway |
Zhang et al., 2020 |
29 |
Shenmai formula (Formula) |
A |
|
suppress the NF-κB p65 expression
and IκBα phosphorylation |
Zhu et al., 2017 |
30 |
Shen-Yuan-Dan Capsule (Formula) |
A,B2 |
up-regulated Beclin1 and
LC3II/I proteins |
inhibited AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 and mTOR
phosphorylation |
Zhou et al., 2019 |
31 |
Shexiang Baoxin Pill (Formula) |
B2 |
|
the level elevation of Mfn2
and reduced phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and NF-κB., reduced the level
of SR-A and LOX-1 and elevated the content of LXRα, ABCA1, and ABCG1 in
the arterial wall |
Lu et al., 2019 |
32 |
Shexiang Tongxin dropping (Formula) |
B1 |
|
the levels of
pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α and γ-IFN were
markedly reduced |
Xiong et al., 2015 |
33 |
Shenlian extract |
A,B (Dog) |
|
NF-κB signaling pathway |
Guo et
al., 2020 |
34 |
Sobokchukeo-Tang (Formula) |
C |
|
inhibited TNF‑α and IL‑6 |
Lee
et al., 2017 |
35 |
Suxiao Jiuxin Pill (Formula) |
B1 |
elevate the activity of serum
SOD, decrease serum level of MDA and ox-LDL, and reduce the expression
of PPARgamma and NF-kappaB proteins |
|
L i et al., 2011 |
36 |
Taoren Honghua drug (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
MAPKs, ERK5/STAT3, and
AKT/NF-κB p65 signaling pathways |
Wang et al., 2020 |
37 |
The Angong Niuhuang Pill (Formula) |
B1 |
decreased aortic membrane
thickness, the maximum platelet aggregation rates, and the ratio of low
density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) to high density lipoprotein
cholesterol (HDL) |
|
Fu et al., 2017 |
38 |
Tiaogan-Liqi prescription (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
reduce plasma lipid
profiles and plasma inflammatory cytokines, reduce intracellular lipid
accumulation, suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines of
macrophages induced by oxidized-LDL, and inhibit the protein expression
of heat shock protein 90 and toll-like receptor 4 |
Chen et al.,
2021 |
39 |
Tiaopi Huxin recipe (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
decreased expression of
caveolin-1 and NF-κB |
Wen et al., 2019 |
40 |
Tongxinluo (Formula) |
A,B2 |
inhibiting the expression of
p22(phox), p47(phox) and HO-1 |
inhibiting the expression and activation
of NF-κB |
Wu et al., 2015 |
41 |
Tongxinluo (Formula) |
B1 |
|
reducing expression of inflammatory
cytokine MCP-1 and ICAM-1 |
Yao et al., 2014 |
42 |
Tongxinluo (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
Suppression of miR-155 expression
mediated by Akt1 and blockade of the feedback loop between miR-155 and
TNF-α are important pathways whereby |
Zhang et al., 2014 |
43 |
Tongxinluo (Formula) |
B3 |
|
inhibit the NLRP3 inflammatory
pathway |
Qi et al., 2022 |
44 |
Tongxinluo capsule (Formula) |
B2 |
|
The comprehensive mechanisms,
in addition to inflammation and lipid metabolism, might also involve
cell physical function, hormone secretion, protein binding, and immune
response process. |
Ma et al., 2019 |
45 |
Xiao-Zhi formula (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
promotes lipid efflux and
inhibits macrophage-mediated inflammation, producing a therapeutic
effect against atherosclerosis |
Li et al., 2021 |
46 |
Xin-mai-jia (Formula) |
A,B1 |
reduced NO levels and increased ROS
productions |
|
Yin et al., 2017 |
47 |
Yangyin Qingre Huoxue Prescription (Formula) |
A,B2 |
|
Suppressed
IL-6-p-STAT3 signaling and restored IL-2-p-STAT5 signaling in the
presence of YQHP may partake in the regulation of Th17 and Treg
differentiation. Moreover, YQHP modulated transcriptional levels of
costimulator CD80 in aortas as well corresponding to the downregulation
of GM-CSF in serum and CD3 expression in CD4+ T cells |
Qiu et al.,
2019 |
48 |
Yindanxinnaotong (Formula) |
B1 |
|
inhibiting the nuclear
factor-kappa B signal pathway |
Cheng et al., 2015 |
49 |
Yiqi-Huoxue granule (Formula) |
A |
|
regulating the KLF2
expression and NF-κB signaling pathway |
Wu et al., 2019 |
50 |
Yirui capsules (Formula) |
B2 |
|
reduces the atherosclerotic
plaque burden, thereby alleviating AS by modulating the lipid profile
and inhibiting inflammation |
Xu et al., 2018 |
51 |
Zhixiong Capsule (Formula) |
B1 |
|
IL-4, IL-13, MAPK1, MAPK14, JUN
and P53 were confirmed as key targets |
Zhai et al., 2019 |
52 |
Zhizi Chuanxiong Capsule (Formula) |
B3 |
|
treat AS through
regulating the abnormal hypermethylated and hypomethylated genes in AS
rabbit model. |
Zhou et al., 2018 |
53 |
Dendrobium catenatum Lindl. |
B (Zebrafish) |
alleviate the lipid
metabolism disorder, oxidative stress, and inflammation to reduce the
plaque formation of AS zebrafish larval model. |
|
Han et al.,
2021 |
54 |
Fermentum Rubrum |
B2 |
|
reduced the protein levels of NF-κB and
MMP-9 of the aorta |
Wu et al., 2017 |
55 |
Ginkgo biloba |
B2 |
|
inhibition of mTOR |
Tian et al.,
2019 |
56 |
Hirudo nipponica |
A |
|
regulating the LOX-1/LXR-α/ABCA1 pathway |
Lu et al., 2019 |
57 |
Patrinia villosa Juss., Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch. |
B2 |
|
reversing lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in the glycerophospholipid
metabolic pathway |
Su et al., 2022 |
58 |
Pueraria lobata |
A |
protected HUVECs against rotenone-induced
oxidative stress and apoptosis |
|
Gao et al., 2016 |
59 |
Salvia miltiorrhiza |
A |
induced HO-1 expression through
PI3K/Akt-MEK1-Nrf2 pathway and reduced intracellular production of
reactive oxygen species via induction of HO-1 expression |
|
Lee et al.,
2012 |
60 |
Schisandra chinensis |
B1 |
reduced the malondialdehyde levels
(72.5, 69.3, 67.3%), and up-regulated the Nrf-2 and HO-1 expression (p
< 0.05). |
|
Chen et al., 2018 |
61 |
Usnea diffracta Vain. |
B1 |
|
promoting the expression of serum
IL-10 and inhibition of TLR5/NF-κB signaling pathway. |
Zhao et al.,
2019 |
62 |
Astragali Radix, Coptis Rhizoma |
C |
|
M1/M2 and Th1/Th2 immune
balance |
Li et al., 2022 |
Notes: In Level, A represents in vitro; B represents in vivo; B1
represents rats; B2 represents mice; B3 represents rabbit; C represents
network pharmacology. |
Notes: In Level, A represents in vitro; B
represents in vivo; B1 represents rats; B2 represents mice; B3
represents rabbit; C represents network pharmacology. |
Notes: In Level,
A represents in vitro; B represents in vivo; B1 represents rats; B2
represents mice; B3 represents rabbit; C represents network
pharmacology. |
Notes: In Level, A represents in vitro; B represents in
vivo; B1 represents rats; B2 represents mice; B3 represents rabbit; C
represents network pharmacology. |
Notes: In Level, A represents in
vitro; B represents in vivo; B1 represents rats; B2 represents mice; B3
represents rabbit; C represents network pharmacology. |
Notes: In Level,
A represents in vitro; B represents in vivo; B1 represents rats; B2
represents mice; B3 represents rabbit; C represents network
pharmacology. |