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\begin{document}

\title{The magnetopause deformation indicated by fast cold ion motion}



\author[1]{Wenlong Guo}%
\author[2]{Binbin Tang}%
\author[1]{Qing-He Zhang}%
\author[3]{Wenya Li}%
\author[4]{Zhongwei Yang}%
\author[3]{Tianran Sun}%
\author[5]{Jiuqi Ma}%
\author[6]{Xiaoxin Zhang}%
\author[3]{Xiaocheng Guo}%
\author[3]{Chi Wang}%
\affil[1]{Institute of Space Sciences, Shangdong University}%
\affil[2]{National Space Science Center, CAS}%
\affil[3]{National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences}%
\affil[4]{State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National space science center}%
\affil[5]{University of Science and Technology of China}%
\affil[6]{China Meteorological Administration}%


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  \date{May 25, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
The magnetopause deformation due to the upstream magnetosheath pressure
perturbations is important to understand the solar wind - magnetosphere
coupling process, but how to identify such events from in-situ
spacecraft observations is still challenging. In this study, we
investigate magnetopause crossing events with fast-moving cold ions in
the magnetosphere from Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations, and
find when fast-moving cold ions are present at the magnetopause, they
are closely associated with the magnetopause deformation, which is
featured by fast magnetopause motion and significant magnetopause normal
deflection from model predictions. Therefore, fast-moving cold ions can
be a useful indicator to search for magnetopause deformation events. By
integrating the cold ion speed, the inferred magnetopause deformation
amplitude varies from 0.2 to ~ 2.5 RE. Further statistics indicate that
such magnetopause deformation events prefer to occur under quasi-radial
interplanetary magnetic field and fast solar wind conditions, suggesting
high-speed magnetosheath jets could be one direct cause of magnetopause
deformations.%
\end{abstract}%



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