Patients
During the study period, 67 OIT procedures for CN or peanut were initiated. Five patients (or their legal guardians) who did not provide consent were excluded. The final analysis included data from 24 CN and 38 peanut OITs (Figure 1), with 4 patients undergoing treatment for both nuts.
Both groups displayed a similar sex distribution, median age, and prevalence of other atopic diseases upon starting OIT (Table 1). Nevertheless, children with peanut allergy had significantly higher sIgE concentrations against nut protein and nut storage protein compared to those with cashew nut allergy (Figure 2).
During the initial OFC, individual reaction doses were comparable in both groups, averaging 0.576 g in the CN group and 0.441 g in the peanut group (including only peanut cases with an initial standard OFC). Notably, the mean starting dose in CN group was significantly higher at 0.14 g, compared to 0.095 g in the peanut group. In the peanut group, two patients (5%) stopped therapy due to taste aversion, while two patients relocated during the up-dosing phase and were subsequently lost to follow-up. In the CN group, one patient was lost to follow-up during up-dosing.