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\begin{document}

\title{Associations between ANS activity and psychopathic traits: A
consideration of differences in association across stress task and
psychopathy measures}



\author[1]{Nicholas Vietto}%
\author[1]{Todd Armstrong}%
\author[1]{Dakota  Schroll}%
\author[1]{Sarah  Al Falatah}%
\affil[1]{University of Nebraska Omaha}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 21, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Despite growing evidence that associations between autonomic nervous
system (ANS) responsivity and psychopathic traits vary across stress
tasks only a single study has systematically assessed cross-task
differences in associations. To advance this limited literature the
current study randomized subjects into either a noise blast (countdown)
task or a social stressor speech task. Analyses estimated associations
between ANS (heart rate, skin conductance) and measures of psychopathic
traits (Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-III, Inventory of
Callous-Unemotional traits, Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale,
Sensation Seeking Scale -- Form V). Results indicated that associations
between ANS activity and psychopathic traits varied across stress task,
ANS measure, and psychopathy measure. Associations that were consistent
across analyses included a negative association between heart rate
reactivity to the countdown task and SRP total scores, and a negative
association between skin conductance reactivity to the social stressor
speech task the interpersonal manipulation scale in the SRP. In
addition, there was a negative association between resting skin
conductance and SSS-V total scores.%
\end{abstract}%



\sloppy


\textbf{1. Introduction}

Psychopathy is characterized by a cluster of personality traits
including a lack of affect, egocentricity, manipulativeness, and a
tendency toward risky and antisocial behavior (Cleckley, 1941; De Brito
et al., 2021; Hare \& Neumann, 2008). The deleterious consequences of
these traits including risk for antisocial and criminal behavior has
motivated considerable research into the potential physiological
underpinnings of psychopathy. Among these studies a growing body of
research has shown that autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity at rest
and in response to stress is associated with psychopathic traits (de
Looff et al., 2021; Lorber, 2004; Portnoy \& Farrington, 2015).

Associations between ANS activity and psychopathic traits may be
understood in the context of ANS function. The ANS includes the
sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems (SNS, PNS; Gabella,
2001). The SNS is responsible for a variety of physiological and
psychological changes in support of the body's response to stress and
can be roughly characterized as potentiating the `fight or flight
response'. In contrast, the PNS enacts physiological and psychological
changes to return the body to homeostasis after stress (Akselrod et al.,
1981; Warner \& Cox, 1962). Studies exploring the association between
ANS activity and psychopathic traits often index ANS activity with heart
rate (HR) and skin conductance (SC).

Heart rate is influenced by both the SNS and PNS with the SNS exerting
an excitatory influence and the ANS an inhibitory influence. SC is
influenced solely by the SNS. ANS hypo-activity in response to stress
may be associated with the development of personality traits
characterized by blunted affect through impaired fear conditioning
(Lykken, 1957). The suggestion that ANS activity is associated with
psychopathic traits through fear conditioning is supported by work
showing reduced SC reactivity (SCR) in anticipation of aversive stimuli
(e.g. Arnett, 1997, Lyken, 1995). Raine (2002) suggested that low
resting heart rate may be associated with increased risk for antisocial
behavior through either fearlessness or sensation seeking. Subsequent
work has found support for the mediating role of sensation seeking in
the HR-antisocial behavior relationship (Portnoy et al., 2014; Sijtsema
et al, 2010),

Three meta-analyses have explored the association between ANS activity
and psychopathic traits. Lorber (2004) reported resting HR (RHR) was not
associated with psychopathy (\emph{d} = .06, \emph{p} \textgreater{}
.05), while Portnoy and Farrington (2015) later reported a negative
association (\emph{d} = -.19, \emph{p} \textless{} .05). In a recent
meta-analysis by de Looff et al. (2021), RHR had a negative and
statistically significant association with Factor 2 psychopathy
(\emph{ES} = - 0.16, \emph{p} = .017), while the association between RHR
and Factor 1 psychopathy was negative but lacked statistical
significance (ES = - 0.21, p = .059). Factor 1 psychopathy is
characterized by a manipulative and callous egocentricity while Factor 2
centers on tendency to engage in impulsive and antisocial behaviors
(Karpman, 1948). Variability in the results for associations between SC
and psychopathic traits are even more pronounced. For example, Lorber
(2004) found SC and SCR were negatively associated with psychopathy
(SC\emph{d} = -.30, \emph{p} \textless{} .05, SCR \emph{d} = -.31,
\emph{p}\textless{} .05). Later, de Looff et al. (2021) disaggregated
studies of SC level and SC response and found neither was associated
with psychopathy (SC level \emph{ES} = 0.01, \emph{p} = .887; SC
response\emph{ES} = -0.12, \emph{p} = .148).11Skin conductance response
is commonly measured as an increase in conductivity exceeding .05
microsiemens in amplitude (e.g., Fung et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2012).
Skin conductance level is the average value of skin conductance for a
given time period. de Looff et al. (2021) also SCR for measures of SC
level and SC response were not related to psychopathy (SCR
level,\emph{ES} = -0,14, p = .137; SCR response \emph{ES} = 0.12,
\emph{p} = .162).

While meta-analyses offer some evidence for associations between ANS
activity and psychopathic traits, it is possible that results obscure
important variation across studies that can help to specify the role of
ANS activity in the development of psychopathy. Specifically, aggregate
associations between ANS reactivity and psychopathy factors may mask
important variation across the type of stimulus used to illicit change
in ANS activity. In what is to our knowledge the only direct
investigation of the role of stimulus type in associations between SCR
and psychopathy factors, Dindo and Fowles (2011) found SCR during social
stressor speech task (SSST; preparation and delivery of a speech about
one's faults) was positively associated with Psychopathic Personality
Inventory Factor 2 - Impulsive Antisociality (PPI-2; Lilienfeld \&
Andrews, 1996), while SCR in response to signaled noise blasts during
the countdown task was negatively associated with PPI-1 - Fearless
Dominance.

Negative associations between SCR to signaled noise blasts and aspects
of psychopathy consistent with Factor 1 have been found by other work
(Fung et al., 2005; McDougal et al., 2019; Wang et al., 2012). For
example, studies in children and adolescents have found SCR resulting
from noise blasts during the countdown task is negatively associated
with total psychopathy scores, (Fung et al., 2005),
manipulative/deceitfulness (Wang et al., 2012), and callous-unemotional
traits (McDougal et al., 2019). In contrast, research testing
associations between psychopathy factors and SCR to the SSST finds SCR
is not related to callous unemotional traits but provides some equivocal
evidence for an association between the SSST and the sensation seeking
facet of Factor 2 psychopathy (Kavish et al., 2019; Portnoy et al.
2020). Both Kavish et al. (2019) in a large university sample and
Portnoy et al. (2020) in a sample of physically maltreated youth
reported that the SSST was not associated with aspects of callousness
captured by the Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits (ICU; Frick,
2004). Kavish et al. (2019) also found SCR in response to the SSST was
not associated with total psychopathy scores or scores on psychopathy
factors present in the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale. However,
SCR in response to the SSST was positively associated with thrill
seeking as measured by the Sensation Seeking Scale - Form V (SSS-V;
Zuckerman, Eysenck, \& Eysenck, 1978). Studies have also shown that
associations between HRR and psychopathy factors vary considerably
across experimental stimuli. HRR from the SSST was not associated with
callous unemotional traits in the work of Portnoy et al. (2020) or
Kavish et al. (2019). In contrast, Wang et al. (2012) reported increased
HRR during the countdown was positively associated with
callous/disinhibited scores in a sample of children.

Collectively the studies reviewed above suggest that associations
between ANS reactivity and psychopathy factors are influenced by the
stimuli used to elicit reactivity and by the ANS measure (HR/SC).
Research in this area also suggests that relatively minor differences in
the conceptualization of psychopathic traits may influence results. For
example, SCR for signaled noise blasts were negatively associated with
callous-unemotional traits in the work of MacDougall et al. (2019) but
not related to callousness-disinhibition in the work of Wang et al.
(2012).

While the potential influence of heterogenous experimental stimuli on
patterns of association between ANS activity and psychopathic traits has
long been recognized (Lorber, 2004), relatively little direct attention
has been given to the influence of different stimuli on the strength of
association between ANS activity and psychopathic traits. To our
knowledge Dindo and Fowles (2011) present the only study to directly
contrast results from a social stressor with those from an anticipation
of noise task. In their study all subjects were exposed to four
experimental paradigms. The countdown task and the social stressor were
the third and fourth.22Results for the first two experimental paradigms
(concealed information and picture viewing) were not presented and were
described by the authors as ``somewhat complex and, for that reason,
were not as clearly of theoretical relevance'' (Dindo \& Fowles, 2011,
p. 560). It is possible that the strength of association between SCR and
psychopathy factors during these later experimental paradigms was
attenuated. Therefore, to further inform our understanding of the
association between ANS activity and psychopathic traits we extend the
work of Dindo and Fowles (2011) by randomly assigning subjects to either
the countdown task or the SSST. We also explore the influence of the
quantification of psychopathy on results through the use of multiple
measures of psychopathic traits.

\textbf{2. Methods}

\emph{2.1 Participants}

Analyses were based on a convenience sample of undergraduate students
recruited from criminology and criminal justice courses at a public
university in the Midwest. Measurements included a self-report survey
and physiological data. There were a total of 112 participants in the
laboratory protocol. Cases that did not provide complete data for the
psychopathic trait measures in the self-report survey were dropped from
the analytical sample (\emph{n} = 14). Six additional cases were
excluded for either failure to complete the laboratory protocol, failure
to report age, or data recording error (e.g., failure to save file).
Finally, skin conductance exceeded the maximum measurable threshold
allowed by the recording software for three participants. This resulted
in an analytical sample of 92 participants for heart rate and 89
participants for skin conductance. Of the 92 subjects, 71 (77\%)
identified as female and 21 (22\%) identified as male. Subjects averaged
21.54 years (SD = 3.24) of age and their self-reported race/ethnicity
was 57.6\% White, 23.9\% Hispanic, 6.5\% Black, 5.4\% Asian or Pacific
Islander, 4.3\% Multiracial, 1\% as American Indian/Native American and
1\% as Other.

\emph{2.2 Laboratory procedure}

Upon arrival at the room in which that laboratory protocol was
administered, participants were seated and informed consent was
affirmed. Participants then completed a self-report survey including
psychopathic trait measures. While participants completed the survey a
research associate randomized the participant into either the SSST or
countdown task. After completion of the survey, sensors for ANS
measurement were attached. Heart rate was measured with a NeuLog
infrared LED transmitter and receiver. This device monitors heart rate
between 0 -- 240 beats per minute at 100 samples/second. Skin
conductance was measured with a NeuLog galvanic skin response sensor
with Velcro connectors, this device has the sensor amplitude at a range
of 10 microSiemens at a sample rate of 100 samples/second. After the
sensors were placed and checked, ANS recording was initiated as the
participants watched a relaxing video (\emph{Coral Sea Dreaming,} Small
World Music Inc.) for 3 minutes in order to induce an accurate ANS
baseline (Piferi et al. 2000; de Wied et al., 2012). After the
conclusion of the baseline video the relevant experimental conditions
were described to the participants.

Participants randomized into the SSST were informed that they had 2
minutes to prepare a 2-minute speech about their biggest faults and
weaknesses. Participants were told their speech would be recorded and
evaluated later. SSSTs have been shown to induce changes in ANS activity
and hormones (testosterone and cortisol) associated with psychopathic
traits and antisocial behaviors (Armstrong et al., 2019; Armstrong et
al., 2022). At 1.5 minutes participants were informed they had 30
seconds in preparation time remaining. At the 2-minute mark the research
associate appeared to turn on a video recording device and asked the
participant to begin their speech before leaving the room. After a full
two-minutes, the research associate reentered the room and notified the
participant to stop delivering their speech.

The countdown task followed the structure for this task reported in
earlier work on associations between ANS activity and psychopathic
traits (Fung et al., 2005; MacDougall et al., 2019; Wang et al. 2012).
Specifically, participants were instructed to observe a computer monitor
while wearing headphones. They were then read the following prompt:

In this situation, you will see numbers counting down on the computer
screen from 12-0. One number will appear every second. When you see the
number 0, you will hear a loud noise for 1 second. Sometimes this loud
noise will come on without any warning, however. There is nothing you
need to do in the task apart from keeping your head as still as you can.
Do you have any questions?

After any questions were answered a countdown task comprised of four
45-second trials began. All trials began with a 12-second rest period.
In Trials 1 and 3 (signaled), the rest period was followed by a
12-second numeric countdown appearing on the computer screen. When the
countdown reached 0, the participant experienced a 1-second 90 dB white
noise blast. Reaction to the noise blast was captured in the 20-seconds
followed. In Trials 2 and 4 (unsignaled), the 12-second resting period
was followed by 12-second (unsignaled) anticipation period, a 1-second
90 dB noise blast and a 20-second reactivity period.

\textbf{3. Measures}

\emph{3.1 Physiological arousal and reactivity}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`image1.emf`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/695735/articles/684303-associations-between-ans-activity-and-psychopathic-traits-a-consideration-of-differences-in-association-across-stress-task-and-psychopathy-measures}

Resting HR (RHR) and resting SC (RSC) measures were quantified as the
average value across the three-minute baseline measurement period during
which respondents watched the relaxing video. HRR and SCR were
quantified with area under the curve with respect to increase (AUCi;
Pruessner et al., 2003).11Using AUCi to quantify change in ANS activity
in response to the countdown task allowed reactivity to signaled and
unsignaled noise blasts in the countdown task to be captured with a
single measure for each condition rather than the estimation of separate
measures for change pre- and post-noise blast for both unsignaled and
signaled noise blasts. A single measure of reactivity was preferable in
order to limit the number of comparisons between ANS measures and
multiple measures of psychopathic traits. The formula for AUCi is:

Where t\textsubscript{i} is the interval of the time between measures
and m\textsubscript{i} is the measurement itself. Following Kavish et
al. (2019), AUCi for the SSST was estimated with ANS values gathered
during the 2 minutes in which subject prepared their speech and 2
minutes of speech delivery. For the countdown task separate AUCi
measures were estimated for signaled and unsignaled trials. For both,
ANS values included in the estimation of AUCi began with the 12-second
anticipatory period before the noise blast and extended through the
20-second reactivity period after the noise blast. ANS reactivity
measures for the signaled trials (trials 1 \& 3) were then averaged for
a single measure of reactivity during signaled trials, as were ANS
reactivity measures for the unsignaled trials (trials 2 \& 4).
Descriptive statistics for all measures are presented in Table 1.

*Table 1*

Consistent with prior work in this area psychopathic traits were
captured with range of measures corresponding to the breadth of traits
subsumed in definitions of psychopathy including the Self-Report
Psychopathy Scale-III (SRP-III; Paulhus et al., 2016), the Inventory of
Callous-Unemotional traits (ICU; Frick, 2004), and the Sensation Seeking
Scale -- Form V (SSS-V; Zuckerman et al., 1978).

\emph{3.2 Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-III}

The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-III (SRP-III; Paulhus et al., 2016) is
a self-report inventory designed to measure psychopathy in community
samples. The SRP-III captures indicators of psychopathy across four
factors (16-items each): Interpersonal Manipulation (IPM), Callous
Affect (CA), Erratic Lifestyle (ELS), and Antisocial Behavior (ASB).
Item responses were recorded on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = disagree
strongly to 5 = agree strongly). The factor structure and validity of
the SRP-III has been verified in community samples (Gordts et al., 2017;
Mahmut et al., 2011; Neal \& Sellbom, 2012; Vitacco et al., 2014). The
SRP-III total score (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88), IPM (Cronbach's alpha =
0.79), CA (Cronbach's alpha = 0.75), ELS (Cronbach's alpha = 0.78) and
ASB (Cronbach's alpha = 0.71) demonstrated adequate to good internal
consistency. Scale scores for all self-report trait measures were
estimated as the sum of item scores.

\emph{3.3 Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits}

The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional traits (ICU; Frick, 2004) is a
24-item self-report inventory that measures the presence of callous
unemotional traits. Items responses are recorded on a 4-point Likert
scale (0 = not true at all to 3 = definitely true). Items in the measure
are commonly disaggregated into 3 factors: Callousness (11 items),
Uncaring (8 items), and Unemotional (5 items). This factor structure and
the validity of the ICU have been verified in community samples (Kimonis
et al., 2013; Kimonis et al., 2008). The ICU total score (Cronbach's
alpha = 0.80) and two subscales of Uncaring (Cronbach's alpha = 0.77)
and Unemotional (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88) demonstrated adequate to good
internal consistency. However, the Callousness subscale demonstrated
poor internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.39).

\emph{3.4 Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy scale}

The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP; Levenson et al., 1995)
is a 26-item inventory of psychopathic traits including items capturing
egocentricity, callousness, impulsivity and antisocial behavior. Item
responses are recorded on a four-point Likert scale (1 = strongly
disagree to 4 = strongly agree). Analyses of the psychometric properties
of LSRP items have provided support for both a two-factor and a
three-factor model (Brinkley et al., 2008; Sellbom, 2011). Here we use
the two-factor model in light of equivocal for evidence for the
convergent and discriminant validity of the Callousness factor from the
three-factor model (Salekin et al., 2014). Factor 1 is measured with 16
items that capture the callous/manipulative interpersonal style that
underpins primary psychopathy (Karpman, 1948). Factor 2 measures
secondary psychopathy with 10 items indicating impulse control and
antisocial behavior. The internal consistencies of LSRP total items
(Cronbach's alpha = 0.82) and Factor 1 items (Cronbach's alpha = 0.80)
were good. However, the internal consistency of items in Factor 2 was
questionable (Cronbach's alpha = 0.66).11Two items ``Love is
overrated.'' and ``I would be upset if my success came at someone else's
expense.'' were not included in surveys distributed to 43\% of the
sample. Therefore, these items were omitted from the estimation of scale
scores.

\emph{3.5 Sensation Seeking Scale -- Form V}

The Sensation Seeking Scale -- Form V (SSS-V; Zuckermanet al., 1978) is
a 40-item, forced-choice self-report scale that examines traits
associated with sensation seeking behaviors. Item responses were summed
into a total score and four, 10-item subscale scores: Boredom,
Disinhibition, Experience Seeking, and Thrill Seeking. The SSS-V total
(Cronbach's alpha = 0.75) and Thrill and Adventure Seeking scale
(Cronbach's alpha = 0.80) demonstrated adequate internal consistency.
The Disinhibition (Cronbach's alpha = 0.67) demonstrated questionable
internal consistency, while Boredom (Cronbach's alpha = 0.48) and
Experience Seeking (Cronbach's alpha = 0.42) demonstrated poor internal
consistency.

\emph{3.6 Covariates}

Age was coded continuously, while race (0 = Nonwhite, 1 = White) and sex
(0 = male, 1 = female) were coded dichotomously.

\textbf{4. Results}

Prior to the estimation of associations between ANS activity and
psychopathic traits we considered sex differences across analyses
variables. Results presented in Table 1 indicate that females had higher
RHR than males. There were no other sex differences in ANS measures.
Males scored significantly higher on two psychopathy trait summary
scores (SRP total, ICU total scores) and four subscale scores (SRP-CA,
ICU-Callousness, ICU-Unemotional, LSRP-Factor 1, and the SSS-Thrill and
Adventure Seeking). This pattern of association suggests that results
present in mixed sex samples may be influenced by sex differences in
heart rate/traits. To account for this possibility and the potential
confounding effects of other demographic characteristics we test
associations between ANS measures and psychopathic with partial
correlations estimated using the \{ppcor\} package in R version 4.3.1
(Kim, 2015). Partial correlations controlling for sex, race/ethnicity
and age were initially estimated in the full sample. Next, we
re-estimated partial correlations with the sample restricted to females,
while controlling for race/ethnicity and age. We were unable to
replicate associations with the sample restricted to males due to the
small number of males within condition.

*Table 2 *

Results presented in Table 2 indicate differences across tasks in
associations between ANS activity and psychopathic traits in the full
sample. There were no statistically significant negative associations
between HRR to the SSST and psychopathic traits. In contrast, the HRR
during the signaled phase of the countdown task was negatively
associated with SRP-total, SRP-IPM, SRP-ELS, SRP-ASB, and the SSS-total
and disinhibition scores. Variations in associations across tasks were
also observed between SCR and psychopathic traits. There was a negative
association between SCR during the SSST and SRP-IPM and positive
associations between SCR to both signaled and unsignaled noise blasts
during the countdown task and SSS-boredom. Results of analyses also
indicated negative associations between RSC and SRP-ELS and SSS-total
scores, while RHR in the full sample was not associated with any of the
psychopathic traits under consideration here.

*Table 3 *

Next, we restricted the sample to females and performed partial
correlations, controlling for age and ethnicity. Results in Table 3
confirm cross-task variation in associations between ANS and
psychopathic trait measures, but the pattern of association changes
somewhat with the restriction of the sample to females. In the case of
HRR to the countdown task only the negative association between HRR
signaled phase of the countdown task and SRP-total score remained
statistically significant. In addition, there were no statistically
significant associations between HRR during the SSST and psychopathic
traits. Results for analyses testing associations between task related
SCR and psychopathic traits among female again also somewhat relative to
the full sample but continued to indicate cross task differences. The
association between SCR during the SSST and SRP-IPM was again negative
and statistically significant, while there were no longer associations
between SCR and psychopathic traits during the countdown task.
Associations between baseline ANS measures and psychopathic traits with
the sample restricted to females were roughly parallel those in the full
sample. As with the full sample RHR was not associated with psychopathic
traits. The association between RSC and both SRP-ELS and SSS-total
remained significant with the sample restricted to females and the
negative association between SSS-disinhibition and RSC became
statistically significant.

\textbf{5. Discussion}

This study contrasted the associations between ANS reactivity to a SSST
and the countdown task (signaled and unsignaled noise blasts). Results
provide additional evidence that an accurate characterization of
associations between ANS reactivity and psychopathy requires attention
to: 1) the stressor used to induce change, 2) the measure of ANS
activity, 3) the characterization of psychopathy, and 4) sex differences
in associations.

Analyses indicated HRR to signaled noise blasts in the countdown task
was negatively associated with SRP total scores and scores on three of
the factors in the full sample, but only the association between HRR and
SRP-IPM remained statistically significant after the sample was
restricted to females. In addition, HRR to signaled noise blasts had a
negative association with SSS-V total scores and the SSS-V disinhibition
scales in the full sample but not among females. In contrast, HRR to the
social stressor was not associated with psychopathic traits in either
the full sample or the female only subsample.

Negative associations between HRR to signaled noise blast and
psychopathic traits are inconsistent with Wang et al. (2012) and with
earlier work showing small samples of male criminal psychopaths show
increased HRR to signaled noise blasts relative to non-criminal
psychopaths (Hare, 1982; Hare et al. 1978; Ogloff et al., 1990), but fit
well within accounts of psychopathy emphasizing reduced ANS reactivity
in anticipation of aversive stimuli (e.g. Arnett, 1997; Lyken, 1995).
Wang et al. (2012) reported larger HR acceleration during signaled noise
blasts was associated with callousness-disinhibition in both boys and
girls. More recently, MacDougall et al. (2019) found no association
between HRR to noise blasts and psychopathic traits in juvenile male
offenders. Inconsistent results highlight the need for replication with
attention to the potential influence differences across the measurement
of psychopathic traits and differences across sex in associations
between ANS reactivity and psychopathy.

In the current study, SCR to both signaled and unsignaled noise blasts
during the countdown task was positively associated with SSS-V Boredom
in the full sample but not with the sample restricted to females.
Positive associations between SCR to signaled and unsignaled noise
blasts results stand in apparent contrast to negative associations and
psychopathic traits reported in earlier work, but differences may be
reconciled to a certain extent with a consideration of measurement and
variation in associations across sex. Negative associations in prior
work were reported for measures capturing Factor 1 psychopathy including
manipulative/deceitfulness (Wang et al., 2012), callous-unemotional
traits (McDougal et al., 2019), and fearless dominance (Dindo \& Fowles,
2011). The current analyses found an association between SCR during the
countdown task and sensation seeking, a trait that can be conceptualized
as a facet within Factor 2 psychopathy but has little to no overlap with
the callous egocentricity that underpins much of Factor 1 psychopathy.
In addition, negative associations between SCR to noise blasts and
Factor 1 psychopathy traits may be specific to males and therefore
attenuated in our sample which was predominantly (77\%) female. This
suggestion receives some support from Wang et al. (2012) who found fewer
SC responses during signaled noise blast anticipation were associated
with an increased manipulative/deceitful factor derived from Lynam's
(1997) Childhood Psychopathy Scale among males but not females. Thus,
SCR during the countdown task may be positively associated with facets
within Factor 2 psychopathy as evidenced here, but negatively associated
with Factor 1 psychopathy among males as indicated by prior work.
Unfortunately, due to very small within stress task group sizes with the
sample restricted to males we were unable to replicate our analyses in a
male only sample.

In the results reported here, SCR during the SSST was negatively
associated with the Interpersonal Manipulation factor of the SRP-III
both in the full sample and with the sample restricted to females. This
association was somewhat surprising as Dindo and Fowles (2011) report
that SCR to the SSST was positively associated with Impulsive
Antisociality (PPI-2) but not associated with Fearless Dominance
(PPI-1). The lack of an association between Fearless Dominance and SCR
to the SSST in Dindo and Fowles (2011) would lead to the anticipation
that Interpersonal Manipulation would not be associated with SCR to the
SSST as the correlation between Interpersonal Manipulation and some of
the subscales that comprise Fearless Dominance is very strong (e.g.,
Machiavellian Egocentricity (PPI) \emph{r} = .75, Seibert et al., 2011).
Nonetheless, differences across studies may be due to the measures used
or sex differences as with the association between SCR to noise blasts
and psychopathic traits discussed above.

While the focus of the current work was on differences in associations
between ANS reactivity and psychopathic traits across the countdown task
and the SSST, results also inform the associations between ANS measures
taken at rest and psychopathic traits. The current analyses found a
negative and statistically significant association between RSC and SSS-V
total scores that was present in the full sample and with the sample
restricted to females. This association is consistent with prior reports
of a negative association between RSC and sensation seeking (Gatzke-Kopp
et al., 2002; Plouffe \& Stelmack, 1986). In contrast, RHR was not
associated with psychopathic traits in the results presented here.

The implications of the current work for our understanding of
associations between ANS activity and psychopathic traits should be
conditioned by consideration of certain aspects of the study's
methodology. While the current work has virtue in that it is the first
to use a randomized design to explore differences in associations
between ANS activity and psychopathic traits across stressors, this
methodology resulted in a relatively small overall sample size and even
smaller within condition sample sizes. The study's small sample size
increases the susceptibility to Type I error and thus limits the weight
that should be give conclusions regarding variation in association
across tasks. Risk for Type I error was also increased through multiple
comparisons. Thus, strong conclusions await replication of the
associations reported herein. However, potential differences in
associations between ANS and psychopathic traits suggests that research
in this area should consider different measures and focus on psychopathy
factors rather than total scores. This approach necessitates multiple
comparison in studies considering different aspects of ANS activity (SC
and HR), different stressors, and different measures of psychopathy. In
addition, the sample used here was predominantly female. While this can
help to shed light on the extent to which findings based on samples of
males generalize, we were unable to directly consider differences in
associations across males and females. Lastly, the sample was drawn from
university students and as such average values on psychopathy scores are
lower than at-risk or forensic samples (e.g., Sandvik et al., 2012).

Nonetheless, the current results contribute to growing evidence that
associations between ANS responsivity and psychopathic traits vary
across stress task. Within this line of research there is accumulating
evidence that ANS responsivity to noise blasts is negatively associated
with Factor 1 psychopathy (Fung et al., 2005; McDougal et al., 2019;
Wang et al., 2012). Evidence regarding associations between ANS
responsivity to SSSTs and psychopathic traits is less consistent. Here
we find a negative association between SCR during the SSST and SRP-IPM
while prior work has found evidence of a positive association between
SCR during the SSST and PPI Factor 2 Impulsive Antisociality. While
differences across studies may be attributable to the measurement of
psychopathy and sex differences in sample composition, they suggest that
our understanding of the role of ANS in the development of psychopathic
traits may be furthered by additional work paying specific attention to
variation in associations across stressor type while also considering
variation across the conceptualization and measurement of psychopathy.

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\textbf{Table 1. Descriptive statistics}\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lllll@{}}
\toprule
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.19\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.19\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Full Sample M/(SD)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.19\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Female M/(SD)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.19\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male M/(SD)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.19\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
t\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Baseline\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
RHR\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
72. 71 (14.21)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
74.51 (14.09)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
66.66 (13.15)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2.36 *\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
RSC\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.63 (1.17)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.54 (1.15)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.95 (1.23)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-1.33\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SSST\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
HRR\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-1673.74 (6122.99)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-1079.37 (5076.08)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-3635.15 (8818.94)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.87\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SCR\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
357. 17 (268.47)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
360.86 (254.03)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
344.06 (331.76)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.14\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Countdown\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
HRR signaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-286 (509.49)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-216.38 (495.49)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-526.50 (505.53)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.79\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
HRR unsignaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-181.50 (483.50)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-215.17 (511.30)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-65.18 (368.30)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-1.08\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SCR signaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
23.30 (45.65)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
26.09 (48.95)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
13.88 (32.28)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.96\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SCR unsignaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.54 (27.68)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.28 (27.53)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-1.98 (29.37)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.32\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SRP total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
141.55 (22.90)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
138.98 (23.91)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
150.23 (16.83)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-2.42 *\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Interpersonal Manipulation\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
37.68 (7.60)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
37.12 (8.09)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
39.57 (5.40)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-1.60\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Callous Affect\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
36.94 (7.56)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
35.29 (6.77)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
42.58 (7.56)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-3.93 ***\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Erratic Lifestyle\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
42.16 (8.89)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
41.91 (9.40)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
43.00 (7.04)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.57\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Anti-Social Behavior\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
24.76 (6.94)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
24.64 (6.91)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
25.14 (7.22)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.27\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
ICU total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
42.71 (7.12)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
41.66 (7.19)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
46.28 (5.68)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-3.07 **\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Callousness\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
15.53 (2.16)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
15.21 (1.94)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
16.61 (2.51)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-2.36 *\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Uncaring\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
14.31 (3.67)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
14.07 (3.89)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
15.14 (2.70)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-1.42\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Unemotional\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
12.86 (3.91)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
12.38 (3.82)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
14.52 (3.84)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-2.24 *\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
LSRP total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
46.53 (7.60)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
45.78 (7.88)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
49.04 (6.11)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-2.00\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Factor 1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
28.21 (5.23)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
27.59 (5.17)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
30.33 (4.98)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-2.19 *\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Factor 2\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
18.31 (3.56)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
18.19 (3.80)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
18.71 (2.62)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.70\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SSS-V total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
17.11 (5.51)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
16.77 (5.69)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
18.28 (4.80)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-1.21\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Disinhibition\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
3.97 (2.36)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4.00 (2.42)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
3.90 (2.21)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.16\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Boredom\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2.07 (1.66)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.97 (1.69)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2.42 (1.53)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-1.16\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Thrill seeking\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
6.08 (2.88)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
5.71 (2.88)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
7.33 (2.55)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-2.46 *\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Experience seeking\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4.97 (1.82)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
5.08 (1.68)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4.61 (2.24)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.87\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: RHR = Resting Heart Rate, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SSST =
Social Stressor Speech Task, HRR = Heart Rate Reactivity, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity, SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01, *** p \textless{}0.001\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: RHR = Resting Heart Rate, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SSST =
Social Stressor Speech Task, HRR = Heart Rate Reactivity, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity, SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01, *** p \textless{}0.001\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: RHR = Resting Heart Rate, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SSST =
Social Stressor Speech Task, HRR = Heart Rate Reactivity, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity, SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01, *** p \textless{}0.001\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: RHR = Resting Heart Rate, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SSST =
Social Stressor Speech Task, HRR = Heart Rate Reactivity, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity, SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01, *** p \textless{}0.001\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.17\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: RHR = Resting Heart Rate, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SSST =
Social Stressor Speech Task, HRR = Heart Rate Reactivity, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity, SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01, *** p \textless{}0.001\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}

\textbf{Table 2. Partial Correlations between ANS Activity and
Psychopathic Traits in the Full Sample}\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lllllllll@{}}
\toprule
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Baseline (n=92) RHR\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SSST (n=43) HRR\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Countdown (n=49)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Countdown (n=49)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Baseline (n=89) RSC\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SSST (n=41) SCR\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Countdown (n =48)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Countdown (n =48)\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
HRR Signaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
HRR Unsignaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SCR Signaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SCR Unsignaled\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SRP total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.40 **\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.12\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.09\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.02\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Interpersonal Manipulation\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.31 *\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.07\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.38*\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.09\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.17\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Callous Affect\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.28\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.23\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Erratic Lifestyle\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.16\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.34 *\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.31**\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.08\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.02\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Anti-Social Behavior\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.33 *\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.07\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.08\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.17\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
ICU total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.08\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.12\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Callousness\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.09\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.21\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.12\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.09\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Uncaring\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.09\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.07\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Unemotional\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.04\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
LSRP total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.08\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Factor 1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.08\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.02\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Factor 2\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.18\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.02\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SSS-V total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.08\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.33 *\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.23*\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.14\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Disinhibition\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.30 *\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.16\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.09\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.16\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.22\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Boredom\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.07\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.12\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.27\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.32*\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.31*\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Thrill seeking\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.27\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.19\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Experience seeking\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.21\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.11\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task; RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task; RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task; RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task; RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task; RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task; RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task; RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task; RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task; RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}

\textbf{Table 3. Partial Correlations between ANS Activity and
Psychopathic Traits among Females}\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lllllllll@{}}
\toprule
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Baseline (n = 71) RHR\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SSST (n=33) HRR\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Countdown (n=38)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Countdown (n=38)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Baseline (n=69) RSC\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SSST (n=32) SCR\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Countdown (n =37)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Countdown (n =37)\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
HRR Signaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
HRR Unsignaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SCR Signaled\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.11\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SCR Unsignaled\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SRP total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.36*\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.18\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.01\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Interpersonal Manipulation\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.09\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.30\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.38*\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.12\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.20\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Callous Affect\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.23\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.12\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.22\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Erratic Lifestyle\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.32\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.33**\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.12\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.10\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Anti-Social Behavior\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.31\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.28\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
ICU total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.12\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.15\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Callousness\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.21\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.07\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.01\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Uncaring\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.08\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.09\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.08\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.07\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.10\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Unemotional\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.19\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.01\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
LSRP total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.18\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.07\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Factor 1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.16\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.19\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Factor 2\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.00\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.08\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.16\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SSS-V total\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.30\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.31**\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.29\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.08\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Disinhibition\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.04\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.02\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.32\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.24*\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.08\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.23\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.27\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Boredom\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.16\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.24\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.28\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.32\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.35\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Thrill seeking\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.16\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.22\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.19\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Experience seeking\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.05\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.16\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.06\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-0.17\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.03\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task, RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task, RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task, RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task, RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task, RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task, RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task, RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task, RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.08\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Note: SSST = Social Stressor Speech Task, RHR = Resting Heart Rate, HRR
= Heart Rate Reactivity, RSC = Resting Skin Conductance, SCR = Skin
Conductance Reactivity; SRP = Self-Report Psychopathy scale, ICU -
Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits, LSRP = Levenson Self-Report
Psychopathy scale, SSS = Sensation Seeking Scale; * p \textless{} 0.05,
** p \textless{} 0.01\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}

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\end{document}

