INTRODUCTION
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a live attenuated strain of
Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex[1]. Since its approval by Food and Drug
Administration, in 1990, intravesical BCG instillation has become a
first-line adjuvant immunotherapy for the treatment of superficial
urothelial carcinoma of the bladder after transurethral resection (TUR).
It has shown a decrease in the recurrence rates, delay of disease
progression and prolonged survival compared to TUR as monotherapy[2]. Although well tolerated without significant
morbidity, BCG instillation can cause local and systemic side effects.
The most serious complication is systemic infection and progressive
multisystemic organ failure [3]. We report a case
of culture proven BCG infection with bone marrow involvement presenting
with fever and pancytopenia.