\documentclass[10pt]{article}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage[section]{placeins}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{breakcites}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{hyphenat}





\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\usepackage[colorlinks = true,
            linkcolor = blue,
            urlcolor  = blue,
            citecolor = blue,
            anchorcolor = blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\@combinedblfloats{\box\@outputbox}{\unvbox\@outputbox}{}{%
  \errmessage{\noexpand\@combinedblfloats could not be patched}%
}%
\makeatother


\usepackage{natbib}




\renewenvironment{abstract}
  {{\bfseries\noindent{\abstractname}\par\nobreak}\footnotesize}
  {\bigskip}

\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{*3}{*1}
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{*2}{*0.5}
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{*1.5}{0pt}


\usepackage{authblk}


\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[space]{grffile}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabulary}
\usepackage{booktabs,array,multirow}
\usepackage{amsfonts,amsmath,amssymb}
\providecommand\citet{\cite}
\providecommand\citep{\cite}
\providecommand\citealt{\cite}
% You can conditionalize code for latexml or normal latex using this.
\newif\iflatexml\latexmlfalse
\providecommand{\tightlist}{\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}%

\AtBeginDocument{\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.PDF,.eps,.EPS,.png,.PNG,.tif,.TIF,.jpg,.JPG,.jpeg,.JPEG}}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[ngerman,greek,english]{babel}



\usepackage{float}








\begin{document}

\title{Zircon xenocrysts from Easter Island (Rapa Nui) reveal hotspot activity
since the middle Jurassic}



\author[1]{Yamirka Rojas-Agramonte}%
\author[2]{Natalia Pardo}%
\author[3]{Douwe J.J. van Hinsbergen}%
\author[4]{Christian Winter}%
\author[5]{María Paula Marroquín-Gómez}%
\author[6]{Shoujie Liu}%
\author[7]{Axel Gerdes}%
\author[7]{Richard Albert}%
\author[8]{Shitou Wu}%
\author[9]{Antonio Garcia-Casco}%
\affil[1]{Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel}%
\affil[2]{Universidad de Los Andes}%
\affil[3]{Utrecht University}%
\affil[4]{University of Kiel}%
\affil[5]{The University of Arizonauni}%
\affil[6]{Beijing SHRIMP Centre, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences}%
\affil[7]{Goethe University Frankfurt}%
\affil[8]{State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences}%
\affil[9]{Universidad de Granada}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{June 01, 2024}


\begingroup
\let\center\flushleft
\let\endcenter\endflushleft
\maketitle
\endgroup





\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
The 0--2.5 Ma volcanism in Easter Island (Rapa Nui) emerges just east of
the East Pacific Rise on young (Pliocene, 3--4.8 Ma) ocean floor. Here,
we report the finding of mantle-derived zircon grains retrieved from
Easter Island beach sands and red soils that are much older than the
Easter Island volcanism and its underlying lithosphere. A large
population of 0--165 Myr old zircons have coherent oxygen (\selectlanguage{greek}δ\selectlanguage{english}18O(zircon)
3.8-- 5.9%0) and hafnium mantle isotopic signatures (\selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}Hf(t) +3.5--+12.5).
These results are consistent with the crystallization of zircon from
plume-related melts. In addition, a chemically diverse population with
ages as old as Precambrian was also found. We thus suggest that the
Easter hotspot started at least \textasciitilde{}165 Ma ago. A large
population of \textasciitilde{}160-164 Ma zircons could signal an
intense initial massive melting phase associated with the formation of a
Large Igneous Province (LIP) upon the first arrival of the plume. We use
plate reconstructions to show that such a LIP would have formed on the
Phoenix Plate. It would have subducted below the Antarctic Peninsula
around 100-105 Ma, offering a solution for the enigmatic Palmer Land
deformation event, previously proposed to result from a collision with
an unknown indenter. Our findings show that asthenospheric
mantle-derived xenocryst zircon cargo, as recently reported from
Gal\selectlanguage{ngerman}ápagos, may not be an exception. The here-reported ``ghost'' of a
prolonged hotspot activity suggests that the Easter hotspot and the
sub-lithospheric mantle in which it is entrained remained
mantle-stationary for at least 165 Ma.%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



\sloppy


\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`979640_0_art_file_11599377_s48pcg.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/702732/articles/688564-zircon-xenocrysts-from-easter-island-rapa-nui-reveal-hotspot-activity-since-the-middle-jurassic}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`979640_0_supp_11599493_s4blgl.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/702732/articles/688564-zircon-xenocrysts-from-easter-island-rapa-nui-reveal-hotspot-activity-since-the-middle-jurassic}

\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

