\documentclass[10pt]{article}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage[section]{placeins}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{breakcites}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{hyphenat}





\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\usepackage[colorlinks = true,
            linkcolor = blue,
            urlcolor  = blue,
            citecolor = blue,
            anchorcolor = blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\@combinedblfloats{\box\@outputbox}{\unvbox\@outputbox}{}{%
  \errmessage{\noexpand\@combinedblfloats could not be patched}%
}%
\makeatother


\usepackage{natbib}




\renewenvironment{abstract}
  {{\bfseries\noindent{\abstractname}\par\nobreak}\footnotesize}
  {\bigskip}

\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{*3}{*1}
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{*2}{*0.5}
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{*1.5}{0pt}


\usepackage{authblk}


\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[space]{grffile}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabulary}
\usepackage{booktabs,array,multirow}
\usepackage{amsfonts,amsmath,amssymb}
\providecommand\citet{\cite}
\providecommand\citep{\cite}
\providecommand\citealt{\cite}
% You can conditionalize code for latexml or normal latex using this.
\newif\iflatexml\latexmlfalse
\providecommand{\tightlist}{\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}%

\AtBeginDocument{\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.PDF,.eps,.EPS,.png,.PNG,.tif,.TIF,.jpg,.JPG,.jpeg,.JPEG}}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[ngerman,english]{babel}



\usepackage{float}








\begin{document}

\title{An Optimized and Focused Lithospheric Deformation Model for Reconstructing the Mesozoic Evolution of the Gulf of Mexico Basin}



\author[1]{Satyam Pratap Singh}%
\author[1]{Sabin Zahirovic}%
\author[1]{Maria Seton}%
\author[1]{Nicky M Wright}%
\affil[1]{Affiliation not available}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 18, 2024}


\begingroup
\let\center\flushleft
\let\endcenter\endflushleft
\maketitle
\endgroup





\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
The Gulf of Mexico (GoM) is a passive rift margin that is shrouded in
thick sedimentary layers, making it challenging to trace its Mesozoic
evolution. Traditionally, plate tectonic models have required an
assumption of rigid plates, limiting our ability to understand the
evolution of passive margins given the wealth of geological and
geophysical evidence indicating significant crustal deformation during
rifting processes. However, recent advances have been made in our
ability to incorporate deformation into plate tectonic models.Here, we
present a novel approach to reconstruct the evolution of the GoM by
using an optimized and focused deformable plate model. Our new model
uses a time-evolving focused deformation along the rift, where the
strain rate evolves over time from being more uniform initially to
increasing exponentially seaward to the point of continental rupture and
ocean crust formation.By incorporating time-evolving deformation into
our plate reconstruction, we can additionally derive crustal thickness
and thermal and tectonic subsidence through time, which allows us to
better explore the depositional history of the presalt deposition and
crustal architecture evolution of the GoM basin. Our deformation model
is optimized to minimize the root mean squared error (RMSE) between
predicted present-day crustal thickness and the GEMMA crustal thickness
model, resulting in an RMSE of 5.6 km compared to GEMMA, with
\textless{}2 km absolute error in the northwest and northeast GoM. The
resulting tectonic subsidence of \textasciitilde{}1.5 km before the
Yucat\selectlanguage{ngerman}án block drifted in Late Triassic providing routes for the
deposition of red beds through the paleo-drainage systems of the
northern GoM as successor basin infilling. We find rapid subsidence
occurred in the central GoM during the Early Jurassic shifting red bed
deposition to a location that presently lies beneath the salt formation,
potentially reconciling \textasciitilde{}40 Myrs of missing sedimentary
strata. Extension rate and stretching factor calculations reveal a
transition from a magma-rich to a hyperextended margin, with possible
mantle exhumation.Through our study, we highlight the significance of
adopting optimized deformable plate reconstruction models, which enables
quantitative interpretations of the tectonic history and geological
evolution in rift basins globally.%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



\sloppy




\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

