Results from the literature review
By June 2023 (searching PubMed,CNKI and Wanfang Data ), a total of 9
English cases of GPA following COVID-19 infection involvement and no
Chinese case were found by searching literature[4-12]. Combined with
our caseļ¼there were 10 cases of GPA
following COVID-19 infection. (Table 1).The disorder often occurs in
females aged 16 to 71 years , and the time interval between COVID-19 and
diagnosis of GPA ranged from 1 day to 3 months .Of the ten patients
(including ours), seven patients had no prior comorbidities while two
had prior comorbidities of diabetes and rhinitis .Immunological tests
showed positive PR3 antibody(100%) and C-ANCA (100%) are common.
Commonly seen clinical manifestations were
cough(70.0%),dyspnea(50.0%),and Arthralgia/Myalgia(40.0%).Pulmonary
imaging studies showed multifocal cavitary pulmonary nodules in three
patients ; ground-glass opacities in three patients;diffuse alveolar
hemorrhage in two patients ; pleural
effusions in one patients . The rate of mortality was 10%(1/10). All
ten patients were treated with glucocorticoids which are the standard of
care for vasculitis . Seven patients received rituximab therapy and two
patients received plasmapheresis.All 9 patients had symptomatic and
radiographic improve-ment at follow
up
(Table 2) .