Figure1 Signaling pathways involved in YAP/TAZ
Figure1:Mst1/2 kinases and SAV1 form a complex that phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 [48]. LATS1/2 kinases in turn phosphorylate and inhibit the transcriptional coactivator YAP/TAZ. YAP/TAZ phosphorylation prevents its nuclear localization and leads to cytoplasmic sequestration by binding to the 14-3-3 adaptor protein. Furthermore, YAP/TAZ can be targeted for degradation through subsequent phosphorylation of casein kinase 1. Inactivation or loss of MST1/2 and LATS1/2 can lead to dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of YAP/TAZ. YAP/TAZ block β-catenin-NICD-mediated expression of the Notch ligand Dll4. In the presence of Wnt ligands, YAP/TAZ is released from the complex, and β-catenin enters the nucleus, thus activating the pathway .