Statistical Analyses
Statistical analyses were conducted by IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 (IBM
Corporation, Armonk, NY). To assess group differences in demographic and
electrophysiological (click ABR and FFR) data, categorical variables
were analyzed by Chi-square test (Cramer’s V for effect size) and
continuous variables with t test (Cohen’s d for effect size) or
Mann-Whitney U tests (using the formula r = z/√N, where N
= number of cases, for effect size) after assessing the normality
distribution by Shapiro–Wilk test. To explore if neonatal adiposity
could be linked with our FFR results, two-tailed Pearson’s or Spearman’s
correlations (attending to normality distribution criteria) between
neonatal BMI and FFR parameters were also computed. Since maternal BMI
has been associated with offspring’s cognitive
outcomes66, another matrix of correlations with FFR
measurements was conducted with this maternal variable. A p-value
<.05 was considered statistically significant. Multiple
comparisons correction with Bonferroni methods was applied where
appropriate.