Exposed N= 653 Exposed N= 653 Non-exposed N= 2367 Non-exposed N= 2367
p
n % n %
Age ≥ 30 years 326 49.9 1125 47.5 0.28
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² 328 51.3 1186 52.6 0.55
Nulliparity 320 49.0 1110 46.9 0.34
Primi-paternity 371 82.3 1304 81.6 0.78
Twin pregnancy 12 1.8 59 2.5 0.33
Active tobacco use 39 6.0 157 6.6 0.54
Medical history
Endometriosis
18
2.8
42
1.8
0.11
Hypertension
41
6.3
120
5.1
0.22
Chronic hypertension
20
3.1
53
2.2
0.22
Gestational hypertension
21
3.2
67
2.8
0.60
Diabetes
24
3.7
66
2.8
0.24
Auto-immune, multi organ disease
4
0.6
26
1.1
0.37
Chronic kidney diseases
1
0.2
0
0.0
0.22
Sickle cell disease
2
0.3
8
0.3
0.90
Thyroid disease
13
2.0
42
1.8
0.71
Polycystic ovary syndrome
8
1.2
41
1.7
0.36
Personal preeclampsia
16
2.4
40
1.7
0.20
Family history of preeclampsia
1
0.2
4
0.2
1.00
Pregnancy complication
Preeclampsia
49
7.5
145
6.1
0.20
Gestational diabetes
50
8.0
201
9.1
0.41
Gestational hypertension
85
13.0
304
12.8
0.91
Postpartum hypertension
15
3.9
112
6.2
0.09
HELLP syndrome
11
1.7
15
0.6
0.02
Threat of premature labor
150
23.0
540
22.8
0.93
Obstetrical hemorrhage
28
4.3
99
4.2
0.91
Aspirin use
17
2.6
35
1.5
0.05
Neonatal death
12
1.8
51
2.2
0.62
Type of delivery
Vaginal birth
534
81.8
2013
85.0
0.04
Spatula and forceps births
59
9.0
216
9.1
0.94
Cesarians
119
18.2
354
15.0
0.04