2.2 Historical climate data collection and analysis
The 10-year air-temperature data (2011~2020) in Leizhou was collected from the Tianqi Database (http://lishi.tianqi.com/leizhou/index.html, in Chinese). The air-temperature data included the daily minimum and maximum temperatures (Table S2). The average of the minimum and maximum temperatures was defined as the daily average air-temperature. Also, the 10-year daylength data (2006~2015) was collected from the BMCX website (https://richurimo.51240.com/leigaozhen__richurimo/, in Chinese). The daylength data included the daily time of sunrise and sunset (Table S3). The differences between the time of sunrise and sunset were defined as the daylengths.
In addition, the WR growth period was artificially divided into four stages, corresponding to different rice growth phases: seedling (S), tillering (T), flowering (F), and ripening (R). The average values of each year in the ten years were used to estimate differences in air-temperatures and daylengths between the early and late rice-cultivation seasons at different stages.