CONCLUSION
In this study, we showed the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and
haplotype characteristics of the main natural and artificial populations
of Chinese pine in northern China based on two mtDNA markers, in
addition, we identified the germplasm sources of HB and LN plantations
for the first time exactly. We once again confirmed the core position of
SX* natural populations in Chinese pine populations of northern China,
genetic diversity of HB and LN plantations was higher than that of SX*
natural populations, and there was a great difference in genetic
background within the groups of SX* and LN, HB showed the opposite
(Figure 1-6 ). More importantly, we finished the
”point-by-point” tracing of the HB and LN plantations task. We suggested
that almost all HB populations came from SX* (GDS*, ZTS*, GCS*, and
THS*), which brought the genetic background homogeneity of HB
populations. Most of the germplasms of LN plantations came from LN*
(ZJS*, WF*), and the other part came from GDS* (SX*), which contributed
to great differences in genetic background within the LN group
(Figure 7 ).
Overall, our findings provided a reliable theoretical basis for the
scientific allocation, management, and utilization of Chinese pine
populations in northern China, and promoting the high-quality
construction of Chinese pine plantations.