Figure 3. Treatment with vortioxetine (VOR) and duloxetine (DLX) attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity in male (A) and female (B) rats with monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced knee osteoarthritis. Results were presented as time course data of paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and area under the curve (AUC) obtained during the 28 days of the experiment. VOR/DLX was administered orally once daily for 28 days following MIA injection (indicated by arrows). Statistical significance was determined in comparison with the saline control group (###P < 0.001) or the MIA control group (*P < 0.05, **P< 0.01, ***P < 0.001) using a two-way ANOVA with repeated measures (time course data) or one-way ANOVA (AUC data) followed by Tukey post-hoc test. Data are plotted as mean ± SEM of PWT/AUC values.