Background:
Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC) is a commonly occurring
malignancy in the head and neck region. However, due to the
heterogeneity of primary tumor sites, tumor behavior, and molecular
mechanisms, there is currently no consensus on the accuracy of
clinicopathological prognostic factors for individual cases. Tumor
histopathologic behavior remains a crucial factor in predicting
aggressiveness. Recent studies have shown that peritumoral tumor budding
(TB) combined with cell nest size (CNS) is a reliable marker for
predicting lymph node metastasis, advanced cancer prognosis, and
therapeutic response in SCCs of different origins.