The complete mitochondrial genomes of two Prophantis species in the tribe Trichaeini (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) were sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology. They were assembled and annotated: the complete mitogenomes of P. octoguttalis and P. adusta were 15,197 bp and 15,714 bp, respectively, and contain 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and an A + T-rich region. Their arrangement was consistent with the first sequenced mitogenome of Lepidoptera, from Bombyx mori (Bombycidae). The nucleotide composition was obviously AT-biased, and all protein-coding genes, except for the cox1 gene (CGA), used ATN as the start codon. Except for trnS1, which lacked the DHU arm, all tRNA genes could fold into the clover-leaf structure. Phylogenetic trees of Crambidae were reconstructed based on mitogenomic data using Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analysis methods. Results showed that Trichaeini in this study robustly constitute a monophyletic group in Spilomelinae, with the relationships (Trichaeini + Nomophilini) + ((Spilomelini + (Hymeniini + Agroterini)) + Margaroniini). However, the affinities of the six subfamilies Acentropinae, Crambinae, Glaphyriinae, Odontiinae, Schoenobiinae and Scopariinae within the “non-PS Clade” in Crambidae remained doubtful with unstable topologies or low supports.

The complete mitochondrial genomes of two Prophantis Warren, 1896 species in the tribe Trichaeini (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) were sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology. They were assembled and annotated: the complete mitogenomes of P. octoguttalis and P. adusta were 15,197 bp and 15,714 bp, respectively, and contain 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and an A + T-rich region. Their arrangement was consistent with the first sequenced mitogenome of Lepidoptera, from Bombyx mori (Bombycidae). The nucleotide composition was obviously AT-biased, and all protein-coding genes, except for the cox1 gene (CGA), used ATN as the start codon. Except for trnS1, which lacked the DHU arm, all tRNA genes could fold into the clover-leaf structure. Phylogenetic trees of Pyraloidea were reconstructed based on mitogenomic data using Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analysis methods. The results showed that Trichaeini formed a monophyletic group with high branch support in Spilomelinae, sister to Nomophilini. In addition, the phylogenetic relationships among subfamilies of Pyraloidea were generally stable: (Galleriinae + ((Epipaschiinae + Pyralinae) + Phycitinae)) + ((Pyraustinae + Spilomelinae) + ((Odontiinae + Glaphyrinae) + CAMMSS clade)), although the affinities of some subfamilies in the “CAMMSS clade” were still unresolved.