Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare but life-threatening skin reactions, often triggered by medications such as antiepileptic drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and certain antibiotics. Carbamazepine is one of the most common antiepileptic medicine that causes SJS. A 13-year-old male with a history of 2 years of epilepsy presented with a painful rash and extensive blistering with mucous membrane involvement, along with fever and Nilkolsky sign. Based on clinical presentation and previous medication history, the patient was diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and carbamazepine was identified as the cause. Carbamazepine was discontinued, and the patient was given nutritional support, wound care, and intravenous fluids, along with steroid and antihistamine treatment. The patient’s symptoms improved, and he was discharged after 13 days. Physicians must be aware of the potential for life-threatening drug hypersensitivity reactions in patients taking certain medications, particularly antiepileptic drugs. A thorough history and careful monitoring are essential for the early recognition and treatment of SJS and TEN. We want to advise all physicians that for patients with a previous drug reaction to this class of medication, carbamazepine prescribing should be avoided. KEYWORDS: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), carbamazepine (CBZ), phenytoin (PHT), ADR.

Introduction: A global health issue known as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) transcends geopolitical boundaries. Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is the process of administering antimicrobial to treat contagions as a preventative measure, avoid them before, during, and after surgery. During surgery or after surgery there may be chances of acquiring infection. Infection at the surgical site is one such complication known as surgical site infection (SSI). It is one of the problems that reoccur the most frequently in clinical setting. Surgical site infection is described as an infection that develops with in thirty days of surgery and might be deep, affecting the organs reached during surgery, or superficial, involving only the skin. SSIs are occasionally the leading cause of death following surgical treatments. So, to reduce these types of complication we use surgical antibiotic prophylaxis. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and healthcare system evidence were searched from 2005 to 2022 for systemic review that was published in the English language. Result: Data were extracted for all primary outcomes, 38 reviews were included, and review quality was evaluated using AMSTAR 2. The most often reported administration of antibiotic, timing, drug class, and primary result, respectively, were preoperative antibiotic administration, first generation cephalosporin usage, and surgical site infection (SSI). Results indicate that, in comparison to a placebo or no SAP, SAP may, on average, decrease SSIs. The finding showed that postoperative SAP did not differ significantly from intraoperative SAP in reducing SSI. Keywords: Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis (SAP), Surgical Site Infections (SSIs), Wound Classification