Paul Illingworth

and 1 more

COVID-19 virus is present in saliva and contact with saliva can be a risk factor for spreading the virus between people. Consequently, there has been fear regarding contact with saliva. Some people have capitalised on this and resorted to using spitting as a weapon. In some sports, spitting is common. In football, players often spit due to excessive saliva in the mouth from exercise. Football spitting incidences has included aggression between players and between fans. This qualitative study observed national, regional and international football matches including men & women world cups, between January 2022- March 2023. Additionally, we purposely sampled other sports on celestial TV in the UK, through to March 2024, to see if there were incidences of spitting. Analysis found, despite the knowledge COVID-19 is present in saliva, and the entire world went through a pandemic, football and some other sports have not abandoned spitting. This is of concern, since public health experts, including the WHO, have encouraged people, especially children, not to publically spit, as it is unhygienic and spreads disease. Children often see sports people as role models and seeing them spit, is a setback for public health and hygiene. More needs doing to address spitting in sporting events and could include education in schools and sporting academies. At the same time sportspersons and sporting authorities need to co-operate to find a way to eliminate, at best, or to find alternative solutions to this habit.